Topology design of two-fluid heat exchange
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RESEARCH PAPER
Topology design of two-fluid heat exchange Hiroki Kobayashi1 · Kentaro Yaji1
· Shintaro Yamasaki1 · Kikuo Fujita1
Received: 4 May 2020 / Revised: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Heat exchangers are devices that typically transfer heat between two fluids. The performance of a heat exchanger such as heat transfer rate and pressure loss strongly depends on the flow regime in the heat transfer system. In this paper, we present a density-based topology optimization method for a two-fluid heat exchange system, which achieves a maximum heat transfer rate under fixed pressure loss. We propose a representation model accounting for three states, i.e., two fluids and a solid wall between the two fluids, by using a single design variable field. The key aspect of the proposed model is that mixing of the two fluids can be essentially prevented. This is because the solid constantly exists between the two fluids due to the use of the single design variable field. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through three-dimensional numerical examples in which an optimized design is compared with a simple reference design, and the effects of design conditions (i.e., Reynolds number, Prandtl number, design domain size, and flow arrangements) are investigated. Keywords Topology optimization · Two kinds of fluids · Heat exchange · Interpolation scheme
1 Introduction Heat exchangers are devices that transfer heat between two or more fluids. Recently, designing high-performance heat exchangers has been prioritized owing to an increased demand for such systems with low energy consumption. Most heat exchangers involve two-fluid heat exchange with indirect contact; i.e., there are two fluids separated by a wall. In such heat exchangers, the performances depend on the flow regime. For instance, the curving and branching of the flow channels of each fluid and the adjacency of the flow channels to each other have a significant effect on the heat transfer rate and the pressure loss. Therefore, consideration of such characteristics is significant in heat exchanger design. Generally, in heat exchanger design, a type is first selected from the existing ones, and the details, e.g., size, shape, Responsible Editor: Hyunsun Alicia Kim Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-020-02736-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Kentaro Yaji
[email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
and fin type, are determined (Shah and Sekulic 2003). Optimization methods for the existing types of heat exchangers have been well researched in previous works. For instance, Hilbert et al. (2006) studied a multiobjective optimization method concerning the blade shape of a tubular heat exchanger via a genetic algorithm. Kanaris et al. (2009) applied a response surface method to optimizat
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