Tourism-related climate information for adjusted and responsible planning in the tourism industry in Barcelona, Spain
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Tourism-related climate information for adjusted and responsible planning in the tourism industry in Barcelona, Spain José Rodríguez-Algeciras 1,2
&
Abel Rodríguez-Algeciras 3 & Mabel Chaos-Yeras 1 & Andreas Matzarakis 4,5
Received: 7 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The incorporation of climate and environmental resources into the sustainable development of contemporary tourism is a challenge that requires special attention. From this imperative approach, the trustworthy information on local tourism-related climate and bioclimate conditions is a growing need, and influences the tourists’ travel decision-making process. This study aims to increase the sensitivity towards tourism-related climate information to support an adjusted and responsible planning in the tourism industry in Barcelona, Spain. The assessment of local climate and bioclimate conditions was conducted by using meteorological data from 2007 to 2017. Accordingly, a bioclimatological brochure with practical use was designed integrating thermal, esthetic, and physical climate facets for tourism, which were analyzed in 10-day intervals and combined with the Climate-Tourism-Information-Scheme (CTIS). The CTIS of Barcelona highlights that the most suitable climatic and bioclimatic conditions last from the end of February to the first 10 days of June, and from September to mid-November, where all analyzed parameters converge at a relatively high rate of ideal conditions. This study certainly is a contribution on how to evaluate the climate and bioclimate for a defined destination from the perspective of tourism. The results here provided are crucial for tourism planners, visitors, tourism attendees, and health authorities. Furthermore, they should be used to encourage and establish decisive strategies to mitigate the seasonality of tourism.
1 Introduction
* José Rodríguez-Algeciras [email protected] Abel Rodríguez-Algeciras [email protected] Mabel Chaos-Yeras [email protected] Andreas Matzarakis [email protected] 1
Department of Architecture, University of Camagüey, Camagüey, Cuba
2
Department of Architecture, Technical School of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
3
School of Tourism Management, University of Gerona, Girona, Spain
4
Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
5
Research Centre Human Biometeorology, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Freiburg, Germany
During the last decades, tourism has undergone continuous expansion, becoming one of the largest economic activities worldwide. International tourist arrivals worldwide could increase to 1.8 billion in 2030, according to the long-term forecast in the Tourism Towards 2030 report (UNWTO 2011). From this perspective and in the light of climate change, tourism sensitivity towards climate has promoted the inclusion of climate into the brand image of touristic companies and their products. However, the Commission on Climate, Tourism and Recreation (CCTR) has confi
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