Toxicology of Herbal Products
This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the hazards inherent in herbal medicinal products, with systematic coverage of major toxicities. Topics include composition and quality control, toxicokinetics, interactions, safety pharmacology, approaches
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Toxicology of Herbal Products
Olavi Pelkonen • Pierre Duez Pia Maarit Vuorela • Heikki Vuorela Editors
Toxicology of Herbal Products
Editors Olavi Pelkonen Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology University of Oulu Oulu, Finland Pierre Duez Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie University of Mons Mons, Belgium
Pia Maarit Vuorela Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Heikki Vuorela Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland
ISBN 978-3-319-43804-7 ISBN 978-3-319-43806-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-43806-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017933879 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
The origins of this book were based on my experiences as a co-opted expert in toxicology on the Committee of Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in London. Even though herbal medicines have been reviewed through the EU Medicines Directive since 2001, their evaluation and acceptance are based on a much more “relaxed” set of guidelines than that required for conventional medicines (Fig. 1, by Pierre Duez). Admittedly, the database for herbal medicines’ efficacy and toxicity was, and still is, far inferior to that for conventional medicines; furthermore, traditional wisdom regards these products as harmless because they are “natural.” Therefore, the EU did not deem it necessary to require a dossier similar to that for conventional drugs. Despite indications from long-standing use, it should be remembered, however, that the toxicities of many herbs have been discovered only by serendipity or unfortunate clinical findings, and mid-term and long-term toxic effects certainly appear as the most impo
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