Transactions on Computational Science VII

The LNCS journal Transactions on Computational Science reflects recent developments in the field of Computational Science, conceiving the field not as a mere ancillary science but rather as an innovative approach supporting many other scientific disciplin

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Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Germany Madhu Sudan Microsoft Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Moshe Y. Vardi Rice University, Houston, TX, USA Gerhard Weikum Max-Planck Institute of Computer Science, Saarbruecken, Germany

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Marina L. Gavrilova C.J. Kenneth Tan (Eds.)

Transactions on Computational Science VII

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Editors-in-Chief Marina L. Gavrilova University of Calgary, Department of Computer Science 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada E-mail: [email protected] C.J. Kenneth Tan Exascala Ltd. Unit 9, 97 Rickman Drive, Birmingham B15 2AL, UK E-mail: [email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: 2009943910 CR Subject Classification (1998): F.2.1, G.1, G.3, G.1.8, G.4, J.2

ISSN ISSN ISBN-10 ISBN-13

0302-9743 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science) 1866-4733 (Transaction on Computational Science) 3-642-11388-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York 978-3-642-11388-8 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York

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LNCS Transactions on Computational Science

Computational science, an emerging and increasingly vital field, is now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations, affecting researchers and practitioners in areas ranging from aerospace and automotive research to biochemistry, electronics, geosciences, mathematics, and physics. Computer systems research and the exploitation of applied research naturally complement each other. The increased complexity of many challenges in computational science demands the use of supercomputing, parallel processing, sophisticated algorithms, and advanced system software and architecture. It is therefore invaluable to have