Transition to Chaos of Buoyant-Thermocapillary Convection in Large-Scale Liquid Bridges
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Transition to Chaos of Buoyant-Thermocapillary Convection in Large-Scale Liquid Bridges Jia Wang 1 & Di Wu 1 & Li Duan 1,2 & Qi Kang 1,2 Received: 8 March 2019 / Accepted: 20 November 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract To cooperate with the Chinese TG-2 space experiment project, the transition routes to chaos of buoyant-thermocapillary convection were experimentally researched in large-scale liquid bridge of 2cSt silicone oil with 20 mm in diameter. A Nanovoltmeter with high resolution was adopted to measure the dynamical temperature oscillations, as well as to detect the convective transitional behaviors which were nonlinear and non-stationary. The existence of the quasi-periodic route and the Feigenbaum route has been confirmed in large-scale LBs, and a novel periodic oscillation state was discussed in detail for the first time. The chaotic characteristics were verified by analyzing the maximum Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension on the basis of a phasespace reconstruction. Additionally, it was found that bifurcation could potentially lead to the reconstruction of flow fields. Keywords Thermocapillary convection . Large-scale liquid bridge . Transition route . Temperature oscillation . Chaotic dynamic analysis
Introduction Thermocapillary convection driven by surface tension has attracted increasing attention in the fields of material science (Tang et al. 2001; Lappa 2009), chemical engineering, and space manufacturing (Kang et al. 2016; Jiang et al. 2017; Li et al. 2019). As a typical microgravity fluid system, the thermocapillary convection in liquid bridges (hereafter referred to as LB) has been researched in theory, simulation and experiment. Since 2016, a space experiment regarding the thermocapillary convection of LB has been launched on
This article belongs to the Topical Collection: Thirty Years of Microgravity Research - A Topical Collection Dedicated to J. C. Legros Guest Editor: Valentina Shevtsova * Li Duan [email protected] * Qi Kang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
the Chinese Tiangong 2, obtaining a wealth of experimental results. Simplified from the half-floating zone methods, LB refers to some liquid which has been limited to two coaxial rods by surface tension. Convection can be generated in the zone when there are temperature differences applied on the upper and lower rods (Ueno et al. 2003; Yano et al. 2012). Once the temperature difference exceeds a certain threshold, the fluid will oscillate periodically, which can heavily affect the quality of the growth crystals. Based on the background of practical applications, most of the previous researches have concentrated on the critical condition of instability (Ostrach 1982; Albanese et al. 1995; Levenstam and Amberg 1995; Chen and Hu 1998), which is the initial period of the tra
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