Transitioning to Adaptive and Resilient Infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean
Despite spending US$140 billion on infrastructure projects in 2018, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) still lag behind other global regions in terms of investment in infrastructure. This is of grave concern, since infrastructure is often regarded as s
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Negative Aspects of Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Infrastructure as Enabler of Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Towards Resilient Infrastructure Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 Threats and Disruption to Infrastructure in LAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Climate Change Threats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 The Case for Resilience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Describing Resilience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 Benefits of Resilience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 Estimating and Managing Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 Uncertainties in Risk Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 Toward a Robust Resilient-Based Approach for Infrastructure Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 Implementation Levels for a Resilient-Based and Systematic Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
Despite spending US$140 billion on infrastructure projects in 2018, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) still lag behind other global regions in terms of investment in infrastructure. This is of grave concern, since infrastructure is often regarded as society’s backbone thanks to the essential social and development capabilities that it enables. If incorrectly implemented, infrastructure can likewise result in harmful and negative impacts, thus exacerbating conditions of inequality and poverty. In order for infrastructure to become an enabler of benefits and thus function as a link for development in LAC, it must overcome the series of challenges and disruptions that affect household well-being and enterprise productivity. However, several of the threats that infrastructure systems and the
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