Transnational Oceanic Ecoviolence
This chapter examines ecoviolence and environmental crimes that harm the ocean and other aquatic environments. It specifically describes the environmental cost of the fishmeal reduction industry, links between human exploitation and illegal fishery opera
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Spheres of Transnational Ecoviolence
Peter Stoett · Delon Alain Omrow
Spheres of Transnational Ecoviolence Environmental Crime, Human Security, and Justice
Peter Stoett Faculty of Social Science and Humanities Ontario Tech University Oshawa, ON, Canada
Delon Alain Omrow Faculty of Social Science and Humanities Ontario Tech University Oshawa, ON, Canada
ISBN 978-3-030-58560-0 ISBN 978-3-030-58561-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58561-7 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover credit: mauritius images GmbH/Alamy Stock Photo This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
One of the greatest threats to environmental and human security today is transnational ecoviolence and crime, which has become both a lucrative enterprise and a mode of life in many regions of the world. Taking an explicitly interdisciplinary approach, this text provides a comprehensive overview of transnational ecoviolence, moving away from the more traditional treatment of ecoviolence as the study of conflicts resulting from resource scarcity (though these are certainly involved as well). If we expand the conventional definition of crime to include both acts and structures of violence, future historians may well look back at the current era as the era of transnational ecoviolence and crime, when we failed to come to grips with its extent and to deal effectively with it on numerous jurisdictional levels. We use ecoviolence here as Laura Westra used it in an often overlooked volume she published in 2004; though it encompasses violence related to conflicts over natural resources (as Thomas HomerDixon and others have researched so well), it also in
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