Treat Floating People Fairly: How Compensation Equity and Multilevel Social Exclusion Influence Prosocial Behavior Among
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Treat Floating People Fairly: How Compensation Equity and Multilevel Social Exclusion Influence Prosocial Behavior Among China’s Floating Population Yidong Tu1 · Ying Zhang2 · Yongkang Yang1 · Shengfeng Lu1 Received: 10 April 2019 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The hundreds of millions of floating people in China who leave their hometown for a new city to improve their standard of living constitute an important phenomenon, but as yet the ethical predicaments they face, such as low compensation equity and high social exclusion, have attracted little attention. With a national sample of 125,626 floating people in China, this study investigated how and when compensation equity influences prosocial behavior through the lens of justice theory. This study found that floating people’s compensation equity positively influences prosocial behavior, and this relationship is mediated by subjective well-being (SWB). This study also supported that multilevel social exclusion, including the perception of social exclusion and provincial social exclusion strength, positively moderates the relationship between compensation equity and SWB. Moreover, the perception of social exclusion and provincial social exclusion strength moderate the mediating effect of SWB between compensation equity and prosocial behavior. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are further discussed. Keywords Compensation equity · Prosocial behavior · SWB · Perception of social exclusion · Provincial social exclusion strength · China’s floating population
Introduction China’s floating population (Liudong renkou)1 comprise people who move away from their registered hukou location (Goodkind and West 2002); the majority of them move from rural villages in underdeveloped regions to modern cities in search of better work opportunities and a better life (Wang 2017). In 2017, the floating population in China totaled * Ying Zhang [email protected] Yidong Tu [email protected] Yongkang Yang [email protected] Shengfeng Lu [email protected] 1
School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
2
about 245 million individuals, 17.63% of the entire population of the country, which has the largest population in the world (National Population and Family Planning Commission of China 2018), and accounting for a large proportion of the world’s intranational migratory flows (Goodkind and West 2002). Over the last four decades, China has experienced an economic miracle, with much of the growth being fueled by the floating population. Such individuals have played an important role in making China the world’s factory (Gao and Smyth 2011), and they are also a strong power for the urbanization of China (Goodkind and West 2002). In sum, they have deeply changed China, and even the world. Despite their great contribution, the brutal reality is that floating peop
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