Trepanation, Trephining and Craniotomy History and Stories
This book takes readers on a journey around the world and through time, accompanied by a modern neurosurgeon who reviews historical techniques and instruments used for cranial opening. The author draws on original medical and surgical books to provide a c
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Trepanation, Trephining and Craniotomy
José M. González-Darder
Trepanation, Trephining and Craniotomy History and Stories
José M. González-Darder Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia Valencia Spain
ISBN 978-3-030-22211-6 ISBN 978-3-030-22212-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22212-3 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Virtually, all cultures over time have opened the skulls of its inhabitants, whatever the reason for it. In primitive or prehistoric cultures, where there are no written records, it is not possible to know with certainty the reasons for this practice. Therefore, almost everything is speculative in this field. In historical cultures, with written records, it is possible to know the reasons, techniques, and fundamentals of this action. The trepanation, trephine, and craniotomy are no more than different forms of cranial opening. The universal human interests that justify this cranial opening along the time may be of a predominantly magical, empirical, or scientific nature. Interest and justification have been changing over time. For centuries, trepanation was itself a treatment that pursued the removal of fracture lines in the skull. Later, the small cranial opening achieved with the trepan or trephine allowed the evacuation of collections located under the bone. Finally, modern craniotomy has become the gateway to the intracranial space, the place where the human anatomy is more complex, delicate, and sensitive and where the neurosurgeon’s preferred and exclusive workplace is. In this book, we travel this long road with the aim of writing the first complete and co
