Trials and Tribulations in the Implementation of Pre-Commercial Procurement in Europe
This book aims to advance the understanding of pre-commercial procurement (PCP) as innovation policy instrument and as means to fulfil public needs. To this end, it places PCP within its political and legal context and elucidates its origins and its econo
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Ramona Apostol
Trials and Tribulations in the Implementation of Pre-Commercial Procurement in Europe
Ramona Apostol
Trials and Tribulations in the Implementation of Pre-Commercial Procurement in Europe
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Ramona Apostol Corvers Procurement Services BV 's-Hertogenbosch The Netherlands
ISBN 978-94-6265-155-5 ISBN 978-94-6265-156-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-6265-156-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016954619 Published by t.m.c. asser press, The Hague, The Netherlands www.asserpress.nl Produced and distributed for t.m.c. asser press by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg © t.m.c. asser press and the author 2017 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media B.V. The registered company address is: Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311 GX Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Preface
Pre-commercial procurement (PCP) is a specific approach to the procurement of research and development (R&D) services outside the remit of the European Public Procurement Directives. The European Commission brought this approach to the front of the innovation European policy agenda since 2007. In a Communication from 2007, the Commission explained what economic benefits the wide deployment of PCP may generate and clarified the applicable legal framework. The European Commission’s initiative was partly motivated by the desire to emulate the perceived success of the United States (US) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program and partly by the desire to prevent that similar national initiatives in the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands would be deployed as illegal state aid schemes. Since its 2007 Communication, the European Commission has undertaken additional efforts to encourage procurers in the European Union (EU) to engage in PCPs; It has commissioned studies with the purpose to understand the barriers to implementation and to promote good practices; it has co-funded cross-border collaborative PCPs; it has financed the drafting of a practical Toolkit which explains the steps in the deployment of a PCP and it has endorsed a team of experts to advise procurers on various aspects of implementation. The Commission has had several attempts to assess the economic and social impacts of PCP in Europe, with mixed outcomes. This was particularly due to the limited numb
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