Triaxial Constraint and Tensile Strength Enhancement in Brazed Joints
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Triaxial Constraint and Tensile Strength Enhancement in Brazed Joints XIN CAI, YANFEI GAO, XUE WANG, WEI ZHANG, WEI LIU, XINPU SHEN, WEI ZHANG, ZHENZHEN YU, and ZHILI FENG A brazed joint consists of a low-melting point and thin interlayer sandwiched between the high-melting-point base materials, in which the interlayer strength is typically lower than that of the base material. When this butt-joined composite is loaded uniaxially in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the brazing layer, the tensile strength is found to be much higher than that of the braze. This seems to violate the iso-stress condition in such a butt-joint serial configuration. The stress triaxiality has been usually ascribed, but without a quantitative rationalization, as being responsible for this tensile strength enhancement. Here a complete finite element simulation has been conducted to study the dependence of triaxiality and strength enhancement on geometric and material parameters. Two asymptotic limit solutions (based on Bridgman and Xia–Shih solutions, respectively) have been identified to understand the simulation results. The critical role of void evolution has been revealed when making a quantitative comparison to available experiments. In addition, ductility of the brazed joint, which has not been fully addressed in literature, is investigated by the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05984-x Ó The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2020
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INTRODUCTION
IN contrast to fusion welding in which base and filler materials are all melted, the brazing technique melts a soft and low-melting-point material, such as silver-based filler, and fills into the narrow gap between two base materials, such as stainless steels.[1–3] The operation temperature is much lower than the melting point of the base materials, and thus their microstructural features remain unchanged. The convenience of this technique XIN CAI is with the School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China and also with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996. YANFEI GAO and XUE WANG are with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee. Contact e-mail: [email protected] WEI ZHANG and ZHILI FENG are with the Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831. Contact e-mail: [email protected] WEI LIU and XINPU SHEN are with the School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum. Contact e-mail: [email protected] WEI ZHANG is with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210. ZHENZHEN YU is with the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted March 12, 2020.
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