Truth, Politics, and Universal Human Rights

This book uses the concept of universal human rights to explore the relationship between the individual, society, and truth. To answer the question of how we say something universally true about human beings while lacking the philosophical means to do so,

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Truth, Politics, and Universal Human Rights

Janet Holl Madigan

Truth, Politics, and Universal Human Rights Copyright © Janet Holl Madigan, 2007.

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2007 978-1-4039-7623-9

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2007 by PALGRAVE MACMILLANTM 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS. Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan ® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries.

ISBN 978-1-349-53693-1

ISBN 978-0-230-60497-1 (eBook)

DOI 10.1057/9780230604971

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Madigan, Janet Holl Truth, politics, and universal human rights / Janet Holl Madigan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Human rights—Religious aspects—Catholic Church. 2. Abortion—Religious aspects— Catholic Church. I. Macmillan, Palgrave. II. Title. BX1795.H85M33 2007 172—dc22 2006047974 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Scribe Inc. First edition: July 2007 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Permissions Excerpt from “Evolutionary Hymn” in POEMS by C. S. Lewis, copyright ©1964 by the Executors of the Estate of C. S. Lewis and renewed 1992 by C. S. Lewis Pte. Ltd., reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc. THE ABOLITION OF MAN by C. S. Lewis copyright © C. S. Lewis Pte. Ltd. 1943, 1946, 1978. EVOLUTIONARY HYMN by C. S. Lewis copyright © C. S. Lewis Pte.Ltd. 1957. Extract reprinted by permission. Reprinted with permission of Simon & Schuster Adult Publishing Group from THE DROWNED AND THE SAVED by Primo Levi. Translated from the Italian by Raymond Rosenthal. English translation Copyright (c)1988 by Simon & Schuster, Inc. From IF THIS IS A MAN (SURVIVAL IN AUSCHWITZ) by Primo Levi, translated by Stuart Woolf, copyright (c) 1959 by Orion Press, Inc., (c) 1958 by Giulio Einaudi editore S.P.A. Used by permission of Viking Penguin, a division of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.

To my children, David, Joseph, Dominic, Andrew, and Maria, Fight the good fight; finish the race; keep the faith. (2 Tim. 4:6)

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Contents Acknowledgments

ix

Introduction

xi Part I Universal Human Rights and the Impoverishment of Moral Discourse

Chapter 1

The History of Human Rights in International Law

1 5

Chapter 2

The Relativism of Universality

15

Chapter 3

Human Rights as Moral Principles

45

Part II Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6

Soul Keeping and State Building: Principles and Politics from Plato to Machiavelli

55

Natural Right: The “Philosophic Quest for the F