Tubesheets in Fixed and Floating Head Heat Exchangers
Fixed and floating head heat exchanger constructions find widespread application in the power and process industries. Fig. 9.1.1 shows a typical vertically mounted unit. We have included on that figure the nomenclature to be used in subsequent derivations
- PDF / 83,392,589 Bytes
- 1,054 Pages / 430.866 x 649.134 pts Page_size
- 32 Downloads / 183 Views
OF
HEAT EXCHANGERS AND PRESSURE VESSEL COMPONENTS
KRISHNA P. SINGH Vice President of Engineering Joseph Oat Corporation Camden, NJ
and ALAN I. SOLER Professor of Mechanical Engineering & Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
FIRST EDITION Copyright © 1984 by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo in 1984 All rights reserved by the publisher. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog No. 84-70460
Exclusive distribution rights outside United States of America, Mexico and Canada Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH ISBN 978-3-662-12443-7 ISBN 978-3-662-12441-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-12441-3
This book is dedicated to: Our wives, Martha Singh and Debby Soler for their patience, understanding and support, and the late Dr. William G. Soler, an English teacher who spent countless hours reading technical papers in order to comprehend his son's work.
iii
PREFACE A tubular heat exchanger exemplifies many aspects of the challenge in designing a pressure vessel. High or very low operating pressures and temperatures, combined with sharp temperature gradients, and large differences in the stiffnesses of adjoining parts, are amongst the legion of conditions that behoove the attention of the heat exchanger designer. Pitfalls in mechanical design may lead to a variety of operational problems, such as tube-to-tubesheet joint failure, flanged joint leakage, weld cracks, tube buckling, and flow induced vibration. Internal failures, such as pass partition bowing or weld rip-out, pass partition gasket rib blow-out, and impingement actuated tube end erosion are no less menacing. Designing to avoid such operational perils requires a thorough grounding in several disciplines of mechanics, and a broad understanding of the interrelationship between the thermal and mechanical performance of heat exchangers. Yet, while there are a number of excellent books on heat exchanger thermal design, comparable effort in mechanical design has been non-existent. This apparent void has been filled by an assortment of national codes and industry standards, notably the "ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code" and the "Standards of Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association." These documents, in conjunction with scattered publications, form the motley compendia of the heat exchanger designer's reference source. The subject matter clearly beckons a methodical and comprehensive treatment. This book is directed towards meeting this need. Many of our readers have been witness to the profound changes that have occurred in recent years in heat exchanger design practice. Only two short decades ago, seismic analysis was an alien term to the heat exchanger trade. Words like "response spectrum", "flow induced vibration", "nozzle load induced vessel stresses", etc., held little kinship to the heat exchanger design technology.
