Tunable Second Harmonic Generation in Antiferromagnetic Photonic Crystal with Graphene
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Tunable Second Harmonic Generation in Antiferromagnetic Photonic Crystal with Graphene Bai Lu1 · Sheng Zhou1 · Hong Liang2 · Qiang Zhang1 · Yutian Zhao1 · Shufang Fu1 Received: 15 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The generation of second harmonic (SH) in the structure (SiO2/MnF2/graphene)N/ ZrO2 has been investigated with the matrix transfer method. The theoretical simulation results show that the effect of the graphene (Gr) on SH outputs above or below the surface is obvious. The SH outputs compared with the same structure only without the Gr layer are greatly enhanced, even about two or three orders at some special cases. Also, the position and intensity of the SH outputs can be effectively tuned by an external magnetic field. An optimal structure is determined through investigating the effect of the Gr positions and dielectrics on the SH outputs. Finally, a critical cycle unit N = 8 is checked out, while the SH outputs begin to decrease once N > 8 . These interesting results may be helpful to the development and utilization of nonlinear devices in the THz frequency field. Keywords Second harmonic generation · Graphene · Terahertz · Antiferromagnetic material PACS 75.50.Ee · 78.20.-e
1 Introduction Applications of graphene (Gr) in optoelectrics have been extensively investigated from the visible to the THz owing to its unique thermal, electrical, optical, and chemical properties [1–4]. In particular, the graphene can support surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in both THz and infrared frequencies [5, 6]. In addition, SPPs in the graphene can support longer propagation length, better confinement * Shufang Fu [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
2
Department of Physics, Harbin University, Harbin 150086, China
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
of electromagnetic field and tunable optical properties by changing the external electrostatic or magnetostatic fields which are compared with SPPs excited in a metal. Therefore, the graphene can be widely applied in optical devices, such as filters [7], lenses [8], optical modulators [9], and polarizers [10]. The resonant frequencies of antiferromagnetic (AF) materials just lie in the THz frequency field. More and more attention is paid since it is helpful to the development and utilization of THz devices [11–13]. Faraday and Kerr effects, the typical magneto-optical (MO) effects by the interaction between the light and magnetic materials have been widely applied in communication systems [14]. In order to enhance the MO effects, a number of discussions are made, for instance magnetic photonic crystals (MPCs) which can be tailored through changing the structural symmetry, components, layer thickness, and so on [15–17]. Recently, David et al. have reported the broadband microwave absorption spectrosc
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