Tung Oil Anhydride Modified Hemp Fiber/Polypropylene Composites: The Improved Toughness, Thermal Stability and Rheologic
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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)
Tung Oil Anhydride Modified Hemp Fiber/Polypropylene Composites: The Improved Toughness, Thermal Stability and Rheological Property Hongming Wu1,3*, Dinghong Xu1, Ying Zhou1, Chengtao Gao1,2, Jianbing Guo1,2*, Weidi He1, Yong He2, and Shuhao Qin1,2 1
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, China 2 Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China 3 Material Technology Innovation Base of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China (Received October 24, 2019; Revised January 5, 2020; Accepted January 16, 2020) Abstract: Natural fibers reinforced composites (NFCs) have renewable and low cost advantages. In this paper, the tung oil anhydride (TOA) modified polypropylene (PP)/hemp fiber composites have been prepared by a melt-blended process. The reaction between the tung oil anhydride and the as-treated hemp fiber make the TOA molecules to accumulate on the surface of hemp fiber and to form a TOA layer on the surface of hemp fibers, which is confirmed by the FT-IR and SEM analyses. The TOA layer improves the compatibility between PP matrix and hemp fibers. The elongation at break (EB) and impact strength of the PP/hemp fiber/TOA composites are twice more than the PP/hemp fiber composites. Thermal analysis shows the Toneset and Tmax of the composites increasing that reflects the thermal stability of the composites improved. The crystalline property reveals that the Tc moves to high temperature with the TOA or hemp fiber added in the blends. The DMA and rheology properties analysis indicate that the TOA layer improved molecular mobility of the composites and show a shear thinning effect. Keywords: Polypropylene, Hemp fibers, Tung oil anhydride, Thermal propriety, Melt blended
interface property of the NFCs [16]. Those treatments include sodium hydroxide treatment [17,18], acetylation treatment [19], coupling treatment [20,21], acrylation and acrylonitrile grafting treatment [22,23]. The major purpose of the treatment is to dissolve certain portions of natural fiber, such as the hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, wax and oil, and expose the cellulose of the fiber. The exposed hydroxyl on the surface of the cellulose can react with the organic monomer, and improve the hydrophobicity of the natural fiber [24]. As a result, the mechanical properties of the NFCs can also be modified with the interaction between natural fiber and the polymer matrix. Recently, some vegetable oils have been used to improve the interface property of the NFCs. Liu et al. [25] use regulating tannic acid-crosslinked epoxidized soybean oil oligomers for strengthening and toughening bamboo fibers-reinforced poly(lactic acid) biocomposites. In previous studies, the main purpose focused on the tensile property of the NFCs, while the toughness property also has attracted a large amount of interests over the past years with the requirement of the appl
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