Two-body abrasion resistance of cementite containing different chromium concentrations
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cementite samples with chromium (Cr) concentrations of 0, 3.01, 6.03, 8.22, and 9.76 wt% were prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. The elastic modulus, elastic recovery, and hardness increased with increasing chromium content. The maximum microhardness was 1070.74 HV (Vickers hardness) and the maximum elastic modulus was 199.32 GPa using a nanoindentation device. The effect of different concentrations of Cr on the wear behavior of the cementite plowing depth, roughness, debris from the worn surfaces, and weight loss due to wear were measured using pin-on-disk tribometric equipment. It was found that both the morphology and the abrasion resistance of a surface worn by microcutting and microplowing increased markedly with increasing Cr content.
I. INTRODUCTION
White cast iron has long been widely used as a wearresistant material in many industrial applications.1–3 It is well documented that its abrasion–resistant properties are greatly affected by its cementite content. The mechanical properties, size, volume fraction, composition, morphology, etc. of white cast iron have an important effect on its performance in different industrial contexts.4–6 The cementite in white cast iron is usually referred to as Fe3C; however, single-phase Fe3C is thermodynamically unstable, and it does not occur completely in this form.7 Hence, a small amount of Cr is added to ordinary white cast iron to stabilize Fe3C-type carbides to form (Fe, Cr)3C.8–11 Since it is a basic phase of white cast iron, an understanding of its mechanical properties and abrasive wear behavior is particularly important. Many studies of the mechanical properties of cementite reported in past decades have aimed at improving the performance of white cast iron for specific uses.12–16 Although it has often been reported that the cementite content plays an important role in abrasive wear resistance of white cast iron, there have been few investigations of the effect in single-phase cementite. The mechanical properties and abrasive behavior of single-phase cementite are far from being well understood, because the material cannot be produced in bulk by traditional metallurgical processes; thus the improvements reported in the literature are based on empirical observation, and the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. Contributing Editor: Yang-T. Cheng a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2016.60 J. Mater. Res., Vol. 31, No. 5, Mar 14, 2016
In previous study, Umemoto et al.7 successfully fabricated bulk single-phase cementite by mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) in sizes up to f15 mm 10 mm. Numerous alloying elements (e.g., Cr, Mn, Mo, V, Ti, etc.) have been investigated for their effect on the mechanical, physical, and abrasive properties of cementite.17–19 To date, however, due to the lack of any previous systematic experimental study, no meaningful results have previously been obtained to explain the role played by single-phase cementite in the abrasive proper
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