Two Decades of Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis at the Thermal Processing Technology Centre at Illinois Institute of Tec
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VI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY IN RUSSIA
Two Decades of Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis at the Thermal Processing Technology Centre at Illinois Institute of Technology Philip Nasha,*, Susan Meschela, and Qing Gua a
Thermal Processing Technology Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 USA *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 15, 2020; revised April 22, 2020; accepted April 24, 2020
Abstract—When the Kleppa lab at the University of Chicago closed, one of the drop calorimeters was moved to IIT just 3 miles to the north. The collaboration between UC and IIT that began in the 1990’s initiated two decades of calorimetry and thermal analysis at IIT. The research continued the studies on the enthalpy of formation of binary compounds performed in Ole Kleppa’s lab at UC and extended the work to ternary intermetallics. The acquisition of a Setaram drop calorimeter and Setaram DSC/TGA allowed us to extend our studies to specific heat measurements and thermal analysis of alloy systems. This presentation provides an overview of the work performed over the last 20 yr at IIT, provides some recent unpublished data, and highlights some of the important results. Keywords: calorimetry, intermetallics, phase equilibria, thermodynamics DOI: 10.1134/S003602442013018X
INTRODUCTION Calorimetric studies are important for obtaining experimental data on the thermodynamics of alloy systems. Such studies can provide basic data for Calphad databases, benchmarks for first principles’ calculations and insight into the alloying behavior of the elements. The number of laboratories actively involved in drop calorimetric measurements has been gradually decreasing over the last twenty years. This nadir in activity comes despite the availability of excellent commercial calorimeters. Nevertheless, the experimental data are much sought after for alloy development, improvement of computational models and databases, and for understanding of phase stability and defect structures. While activity in these kinds of basic experimental techniques are declining there is increased activity in the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for phase equilibria studies, determinations of specific heats, and for kinetic studies of phase transformations. Such experiments, while not a substitute for the drop calorimetric measurements, provides valuable data for the scientific community. The instrumentation for DSC is available from a number of manufacturers and is often coupled with other techniques so that several
types of measurement may be made simultaneously. The flexibility of these instruments makes them attractive to researchers involved in phase equilibria and kinetics studies. Anticipating the closure of Ole Kleppa’s laboratory at the University of Chicago (UC), we began to build a calorimetry laboratory in the Thermal Processing Technology Centre at IIT in 1999. One of Ole Kleppa’s custom built drop calorimeters was transferred from UC to IIT in a special air suspension truck to avoid dismantling th
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