Two particles in measurement-based quantum heat engine without feedback control
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Two particles in measurement-based quantum heat engine without feedback control X. L. Huang1
· A. N. Yang1 · H. W. Zhang1 · S. Q. Zhao1 · S. L. Wu2
Received: 28 January 2020 / Accepted: 20 June 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We consider two two-level particles (qubits) as the working substances of measurementbased quantum heat engines. A measurement-based quantum heat engine is similar to a quantum Otto heat engine other than a quantum isochoric process is replaced by the quantum measurement. We discuss two identical Bosons case and two interacting particles case, respectively. For two Bosons, we find the efficiency is same to a single-particle case but the work output is enhanced. It tends to classical-like result in low temperature regime and exhibits strong quantum effects in high temperature regime, which is counterintuitive. For two interacting qubits, we show the work done is always suppressed by the coupling. The efficiency can be improved under certain conditions in local measurement case and is same to a single-particle case when Bell measurement is done. Keywords Quantum heat engine · Two-level system · Identical particles
1 Introduction Heat engine is the device which converts the heat into work and its inversed process can be used as the refrigerator or heat pump. In classical thermodynamics, one often uses the ideal gas or van der Waals gas as the working substances to study its performance [1]. Recent years, with the development of quantum information technology [2] and the control of single atom and molecular, studies on quantum systems as working substances to convert heat into work become hot and significant. This device is called quantum heat engine. Due to quantum properties of the systems or the reservoirs such as entanglement [3,4], degeneracy, coherence, squeezing, and so on, quantum heat
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X. L. Huang [email protected]
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School of Physics and Electronic Technology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
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School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China 0123456789().: V,-vol
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engines exhibit many characteristics different from the traditional ones. For example, we can use coherence atoms [5,6], the squeezed [7–10] or non-Markovian [11,12] reservoir to make the efficiencies of quantum Otto heat engines higher than the Carnot one without the violation of the second law of thermodynamics. The efficiencies of the quantum Stirling heat engine can be higher than the Carnot one by virtue of the regenerator [13], or approaches to the Carnot efficiency based on the level degeneracy in the low-temperature limitation without regenerator [14]. Some of the schemes can be realized experimentally or theoretically based on different quantum systems [15–21]. Among these studies, the quantum Otto cycle attracts our more attentions [22]. This is mainly because the features of the cycle: there are only two heat baths in the cycle and it d
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