Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7

Ultra-wideband (UWB), short-pulse (SP) electromagnetics are now being used for an increasingly wide variety of applications, including collision avoidance radar, concealed object detection, and communications. Notable progress in UWB and SP technologies h

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Edited by Frank Sabath, Eric L. Mokole, Uwe Schenk and Daniel Nitsch

Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 7

~ Springer

Frank Sabath Armed Forces Scientific Institute for Protection Technologies and NBC Protection, Munster, Germany

Eric L. Mokole US Naval Research Institute, Washington (DC), USA

Uwe Schenk Armed Forces Scientific Institutefor Protection Technologies and NBC Protection, Munster, Germany

Daniel Nitsch German Ministry of Defense, Bonn, Germany

Libraryof Congress Control Number: 2006939573 ISBN 10: 0-387-37728-X ISBN 13:978-0387-37728-5

elSBN 10:0-387-37731-X elSBN 13: 978-0-387-37731-5

Printedon acid-freepaper.

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Reality is evenly . .. only a quite special, narrow segment from the immeasurable range that thoughts are able to encompass. (Original : Die Wirklichkeit ist eben . .. nur ein ganz spezieller, schmaler Ausschnitt aus dem unermesslichen Bereich dessen, was die Gedanken zu umspannen vermogen .) Max Planck The question on nature is not answered now, but the intellect which is no longer afflicted stops asking the question that it is incapable of answering/unqualified to answer. (Original: Es ist nun zwar nicht die Frage nach dem Wesen beantwortet, aber der nicht mehr gequalte Geist hart auf, die fiir ihn unberechtigte Frage zu stellen .) Heinrich Hertz

Preface Ultra-wideband (UWB) , short-pulse (SP) electromagnetics as a subject has been of interest for decades. Notable progress in UWB and SP technologies has been achieved by investigations of their theoretical bases and improvements in solidstate manufacturing, computers, and digitizers. As a result, wideband systems that were difficult or impossible to field 10 years ago are now being used for an increasingly wide variety of applications, including collision avoidance radar, concealed object detection, and communications. UWB radar systems are also being used for mine clearing, oil pipeline inspections, archeology, geology, and electronic effects testing. Bertoni, Carin, and Felsen initiated the first UWB-SP Electromagnetics Conference in t 992 to weave a responsive cord throughout the electromagnetics community. Since then, UWB-SP conferences have been events that discussed current developments in UWB-SP technologies and systems and that placed special emphasis on UWB-SP meth