Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of SiO 2 nanoparticles and SiO 2 /chitosan/Fe nanocomposite and their application for vana
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles and SiO2/chitosan/Fe nanocomposite and their application for vanadium adsorption from aqueous solution Hakimeh Sharififard 1 & Elham Rezvanpanah 2 Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The husk of brown rice, as a source of silica, was applied to synthesize natural SiO2 nanoparticles via sonochemical method. SiO2/CH/Fe nanocomposite was synthesized from SiO2, chitosan (prepared from shrimp shells via sonochemical method), and iron functional groups and detected using BET, EDX-SEM, and FTIR techniques. These natural-based nanostructures (SiO2 and SiO2/CH/Fe) have been applied for vanadium adsorption. The influences of initial pH, initial concentration, and adsorption time were studied via a batch process. The analysis of the kinetics data indicated that the chemical adsorption is predominant. The analysis of the equilibrium data indicated the single layer and exothermic adsorption process. The mono-layer adsorption capacity of SiO2/CH/Fe was 199.540 mg g−1. The performance of SiO2/CH/Fe in a continuous column system was investigated in four adsorption and desorption cycles. Results showed that SiO2/CH/Fe nanocomposite synthesized with the sonochemical method is a candidate with high adsorption ability for use as an industrial adsorbent. Keywords Brown rice . SiO2 nanoparticles . Chitosan . Vanadium . Adsorbent
Introduction Vanadium is used in many fields, including the manufacture of durable alloys used in the manufacture of construction tools, jet engines, and springs. Pentoxide is also used in the painting, fixing of the photo, and ceramics. It also acts as a catalyst. Vanadium is a stainless steel element, so it is used for stainless steel applications. It is used in steel-making because of its carbide stability. Vanadium thin sheets are used to cover titanium to steel joints. Vanadium is also used to build superconducting magnets with a magnetic field intensity of Responsible Editor: Tito Roberto Cadaval Jr Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-02011346-2. * Hakimeh Sharififard [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Chemical Engineering Department, Yasouj University, Yasuj, IR, Iran
2
Polymer Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, I.R, Iran
175,000. The most important application of this metal is the manufacture of steel alloys. Over 85% of the vanadium produced worldwide is used in the steel industry. Therefore, vanadium is a metal of high economic value. This is the sixth most abundant element in the crust of Earth and its amount is higher than other elements such as nickel, zinc, copper, and lead in the Earth’s crust. Vanadium is widely present in minerals including carnotite, patronite, roscoelite, and vanadite. The secondary sources of vanadium are steel slag, spent catalysts used by refineries and petrochemicals, heavy fuel oil
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