Understanding Microstructural Evolution During Rapid Heat Treatment of Microalloyed Steels Through Computational Modelin
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Understanding Microstructural Evolution During Rapid Heat Treatment of Microalloyed Steels Through Computational Modeling, Advanced Physical Simulation, and Multiscale Characterization Techniques B.M. Whitley, J.G. Speer, R. Cryderman, and J. Klemm-Toole (Submitted November 14, 2018; in revised form December 13, 2018) An AISI 1045 steel modified with vanadium (V) and niobium (Nb) was studied to evaluate microstructural conditioning prior to and throughout a rapid heat treat process. In order to accomplish this, both computational and physical simulation techniques have been employed with the goal of assessing the microstructural evolution in a medium-carbon bar steel during the rapid austenitization and quenching procedures involved in an induction hardening process. The appropriate thermal profiles for induction hardening were obtained through finite element modeling using Flux 2D software. Physical simulations of the induction hardening process were carried out using a GleebleÒ 3500. Analysis of prior austenite grain size is complemented by observation of nanoscale carbonitride precipitation via transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and high-energy synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering. Through a combination of characterization techniques, this study presents a deeper understanding of nano- and microstructural changes occurring in a microalloyed steel during an induction hardening process. Keywords
carbonitride precipitation, computational modeling, induction hardening, microalloy, physical simulation, prior austenite grain size
1. Introduction Induction hardening is a widely implemented heat treatment which involves rapid heating of a metal component using an induction coil, a short dwell time for austenitization, and a rapid quench. Such processing is widely implemented across the automotive industry for surface hardening of steel shafts.
This paper is the 2018 HTS-Bodycote Best Paper in Heat Treating. The ASM Heat Treating Society established the Best Paper in Heat Treating Award in 1997 to recognize a paper that represents advancement in heat treating technology, promotes heat treating in a substantial way, or represents a clear advancement in managing the business of heat treating. The award, endowed by Bodycote Thermal Process, North America, is open to all students, in full-time or part-time education, at universities (or their equivalent) or colleges. It also is open to those students who have graduated within the past 3 years and whose paper describes work completed while they are an undergraduate or postgraduate student. The subject matter of the paper is required to cover any aspect of research or development applied to the fields of heat treatment, surface engineering, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), metallurgical coatings, testing, or materials processing, including any production process, information technology, or relevant management or business issues. B.M. Whitley, J.G. Speer, R. Cryderman, and J. Klemm-Toole, Colorado Sc
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