UNEP-SETAC guideline on global land use impact assessment on biodiversity and ecosystem services in LCA
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GLOBAL LAND USE IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN LCA
UNEP-SETAC guideline on global land use impact assessment on biodiversity and ecosystem services in LCA Thomas Koellner & Laura de Baan & Tabea Beck & Miguel Brandão & Barbara Civit & Manuele Margni & Llorenç Milà i Canals & Rosie Saad & Danielle Maia de Souza & Ruedi Müller-Wenk
Received: 14 June 2011 / Accepted: 2 April 2013 / Published online: 1 May 2013 # The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Abstract Purpose As a consequence of the multi-functionality of land, the impact assessment of land use in Life Cycle Impact Assessment requires the modelling of several impact pathways covering biodiversity and ecosystem services. To provide consistency amongst these separate impact pathways, general principles for their modelling are provided in this paper. These are refinements to the principles that have already been proposed in publications by the UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative. In particular, this paper addresses the calculation of land use interventions and land use impacts, the issue of impact reversibility, the spatial and
temporal distribution of such impacts and the assessment of absolute or relative ecosystem quality changes. Based on this, we propose a guideline to build methods for land use impact assessment in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Results Recommendations are given for the development of new characterization models and for which a series of key elements should explicitly be stated, such as the modelled land use impact pathways, the land use/cover typology covered, the level of biogeographical differentiation used for the characterization factors, the reference land use situation used and if relative or absolute quality changes are used to calculate land
Responsible editor: Roland Geyer Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11367-013-0579-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. T. Koellner (*) : D. M. de Souza Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Geosciences, University of Bayreuth, GEO II, Room 1.17, Universitaetsstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany e-mail: [email protected] L. de Baan Natural and Social Science Interface, Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich, Universitaetstr. 22, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland T. Beck Department Life Cycle Engineering, University of Stuttgart, Hauptstrasse 113, 70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany M. Brandão : D. M. de Souza Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Sustainability Assessment Unit, European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Varese, Italy
B. Civit Facultad Regional Mendoza/CONICET, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Rodríguez 273, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina M. Margni : R. Saad Département de génie chimique, CIRAIG, École Polytechnique de Montréal, 6079 Montréal, Canada
L. M. i Canals Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever R&D Colworth Park, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK
R. Müller-Wenk
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