Urban Multiculture Youth, Politics and Cultural Transformation in a

This book explores the transformation of youth and urban culture in neoliberal Britain. Focusing on the reconfiguration of urban culture in relation to race, marginalization and youth politics, James examines the shifting formations of memory, territory,

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Urban Multiculture Youth, Politics and Cultural Transformation in a Global City Malcolm James University of Sussex, UK

© Malcolm James 2015 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-57987-7 ISBN 978-1-137-47381-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137473813

This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

For Nicole and Sonny

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Contents

List of Figures

viii

Acknowledgements

x

1 Introduction

1

2 The Multicultural Past

24

3 Territory

49

4 Cultural Performances

75

5 Circuitries of Urban Culture

95

6 Negative Politics

113

7 The Multicultural Future

132

8 Conclusions and Political Endnotes

156

Notes

169

Bibliography

175

Index

197

vii

Figures

1.1 Map of London, showing Newham 1.2 Simplified streetmap of Newham 1.3 Index of multiple deprivation, Newham ranking 2007 (LBN 2010d) 3.1 Victorian park fence 3.2 Temporary builders’ fence 3.3 Eight-foot steel fence 3.4 Map of Newham post-code areas 4.1 Still from ‘Kill all a dem’: Staffordshire bull terrier (Ice Films Entertainment et al. 2011a) 4.2 Still from ‘Kill all a dem’: bandana and hood (Ice Films Entertainment et al. 2011a) 4.3 Still from ‘Kill all a dem’: Upcoming Movement with territorial bandanas (Ice Films Entertainment et al. 2011a) 4.4 Still from ‘Kill all a dem’: roadsigns marking the territory (Ice Films Entertainment et al. 2011a) 4.5 Still from ‘Kill all a dem’: front man