Urban road DEM construction based on geometric and semantic characteristics
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Urban road DEM construction based on geometric and semantic characteristics Cancan Yang 1 & Mingwei Zhao 1,2
&
Chun Wang 1 & Kai Deng 1 & Ling Jiang 1 & Yan Xu 1
Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The accurate expression of terrain morphology is the essence of the urban terrain model construction. As the skeleton of urban terrain, urban road has special geometric and semantic characteristics. The road is a strip-shaped feature, which is flat in the horizontal direction and gently undulating in the vertical direction, and the roads are interlinked and connected. This research takes Jianye District of Nanjing as the studied area to explore the digital elevation model (DEM) construction method of urban roads. Firstly, the 1:1000 digital topographic map(DTM) is used to extract the point, line and plane elements of urban roads. Secondly, a selection method of elevation points for urban road DEM (UR-DEM) construction is proposed, referring to the urban road engineering design specification. That’s the improved Douglas–Peucker (D–P) algorithm with elevation change rate. Thirdly, the bidirectional interpolation method is constructed to keep the directional characteristics and geometric features of the urban roads. Then, the intersection processing method based on semantic connectivity is used, so that the roads can be connected correctly. Finally, UR-DEM is generated by inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation model, and the construction results are also analyzed and evaluated in this paper. The experimental results show that: (1) the existence of abnormal elevation points seriously affects the geometric shape of urban road, and the removing abnormal elevation points method proposed in this paper can maintain gently undulating characteristics of road well and largely reduce the road jitter. (2) The UR-DEM construction method proposed in this paper can express the spatial geometric and semantic features of urban road well, the model accuracy is higher than that of classical methods and the RMSE is 0.0225 m. This study can provide reference for the DEM construction of other urban features, and can provide data support for the process simulation of urban surface confluence and urban construction planning. Keywords Urban road . DEM . Geometric characteristics . Semantic characteristics . Removal of abnormal elevation points
Introduction Digital elevation model (DEM) is the digital representation of land-surface and is the data foundation for geoscientific analysis and process simulation. DEMs are used extensively in research fields such as rainfall and flood simulation, geological disasters, and meteorological environments (Tang et al. Communicated by: H. Babaie * Mingwei Zhao [email protected] 1
College of Geographic and Tourism, Chuzhou University, 1 Huifeng West Road, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Beijing 100101, China
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