Urbanism in the Age of Climate Change
“Cities are green” is becoming a common refrain. But Calthorpe argues that a more comprehensive understanding of urbanism at the regional scale provides a better platform to address climate change. In this groundbreaking new work, he shows how
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climatechange
peter calthorpe
urbanism in the age of climate change
by peter calthorpe
peter calthorpe
urbanism in the age of
climate change
Washington
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Covelo
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London
Copyright © 2011 Peter Calthorpe All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, Suite 300, 1718 Connecticut Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20009 ISLAND PRESS is a trademark of the Center for Resource Economics. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Calthorpe, Peter. Urbanism in the age of climate change / Peter Calthorpe. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-720-5 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-720-1 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-13: 978-1-59726-721-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-59726-721-X (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Urban ecology (Sociology)—United States. 2. Community development, Urban—Environmental aspects—United States. 3. City planning— Environmental aspects—United States. 4. Sustainable development—United States. I. Title. HT167.C32 2010 307.1’4160973--dc22 2010021982 Printed using Old Style 7 Book design and graphics by L Studio Infographics support by Gavin Potenza Printed on recycled, acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: Buckminster Fuller, carbon emissions, ecological footprint, environmental conservation, green urbanism, housing affordability, mixeduse development, New Urbanism, regional planning, renewable energy, smart growth, sustainable transportation, urban footprint, Vision California, walkable communities, whole-systems design
For Asa, Lucia, and Jacob, who will inherit the challenge.
contents Acknowledgments
xi
Introduction
1
Chapter 1 Urbanism and Climate Change
7
Chapter 2 The Fifty-year Experiment
25
Chapter 3 Toward a Green Urban Future
35
Chapter 4 Design for Urbanism
49
Chapter 5 The Urban Footprint
63
Chapter 6 The Urban Network
77
Chapter 7 The California Experiment
91
Chapter 8 Four American Futures
105
Chapter 9 A Sustainable Future
119
Notes
127
Index
135
acknowledgments This book represents a forty year odyssey that has involved many teachers, collaborators, and friends. The list is long but a few individuals were critical to the evolution of this field and my personal progress. Foremost was Sim Van der Ryn, truly the father of sustainable communities. Sim’s pioneering leadership in the 1970s launched and defined the field, and gave me my first opportunity to practice urban design. It takes a community to advance work of this nature … it is never a solo act. And for me the Congress for the New Urbanism (CNU) has provided a community, a sounding board, many challenges, endless support, and a long list of dear friends. As the CNU has grown over the last twenty years, my group of friends and colleagues there has remained steadfast and deeply important to me. Closer to home, the staff and partners at Calthorpe Associat
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