Use of Natural Sensitizers of TiO 2 -Nanocrystalline Semiconductor for the Construction of DSSC
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Use of Natural Sensitizers of TiO2-Nanocrystalline Semiconductor for the Construction of DSSC E. Rocha-Rangel1, L. Téllez-Jurado2, P. C. Carbó-Vela1, J. A. Rodríguez-García1 and E. A. Armendáriz-Mireles1 1 Universidad Politécnica de Victoria, Av. Nuevas Tecnologías 5902, Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas, México, 87138 2 Instituto Politécnico Nacional - ESIQIE, UPALM - Zacatenco C. P. 07738. México D.F., México. ABSTRACT This work describes the electrical behavior of dye sensitized solar cells manufactured with TiO2-nanocrystalline semiconductor sensitized with diverse natural tints. A number of natural sensitizers have been tested, including red fruits as blackberries, hibiscus and beet in order to comprehend the relationship between anthocyanin and electron transfer and green vegetables as spinach and grass, as well as for known the relationship between chlorophyll and electron transfer. The nanocrystalline semiconductor was characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM. The bands observed at 931, 667 and 514 cmˉ¹ in the FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of Ti-OTi bonds. From DRX analysis it is confirmed the presence of TiO2 in its anatase form. This study confirms the great potential of the use of organic dyes for sensitized the TiO2-semiconductor. Principally, in blackberries it has reached values around 300 mV owing to high concentrations of purple pigment due to the molecule called anthocyanin and the anchoring properties of the anthocyanin with the TiO2-nanocrystalline semiconductor. INTRODUCTION The use of renewable natural resources today has become a topic of great interest to researchers and leaders of all nations. Solar energy has been around since before the creation of the earth, being an inexhaustible source of energy resource. Therefore, different groups of scientists have motivated the use of radiation for power electric generation to develop electromechanical devices capable to work with solar energy [1]. The photovoltaic effect was discovered for first time, by the French Alexandre Edmond Becquerel in 1839, when an electrolytic cell was connected to two platinum plates and was exposed to sunlight, finding the increment of current in one of the electrodes [2]. Meanwhile, in 1883 Charles Fritts built the first solar cell, using selenium as a dielectric material and reporting an efficiency of 1%. The possibility of practical applications was reached at 1953 when Gerald Pearson laboratories manufactured a silicon photovoltaic cell, reporting efficiencies over the selenium´s cell [3]. In recent decades it has contributed significantly to the development of clean technology to gradually replace traditional methods of power generation using non-renewable resources (oil, natural gas, coal), this in order to take care of ecosystems [4]. With the continuous development of photovoltaic panels, has managed to improve the conversion of solar radiation into electrical energy [5-6]. Each day, this technology has greater scope and constant monitoring is essential for optimal performance [7-8]. The dye-sensitized solar cells are a
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