Use of Soil Cement Bed in Improvement of Load Carrying Capacity of Stone Columns
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Use of Soil Cement Bed in Improvement of Load Carrying Capacity of Stone Columns Manita Das . Ashim Kanti Dey
Received: 11 September 2018 / Accepted: 6 July 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Reinforcing the soft clay with stone columns is one of the most accepted techniques for improving the ground. Use of stone columns increases the bearing capacity and reduces the compressibility of soft clayey soil. However, due to the application of the vertical load, the stone columns bulge and hence settlement occurs. To reduce the bulging and vertical settlement, a hard layer of soil–cement was placed over the stone columns as load transferring platform so that the layer transferred a reduced stress to the soft soil and stone column composite foundation. A series of laboratory experiments was conducted on single and a group of stone columns with and without the soil–cement bed. The effects of the thickness of the soil–cement bed, length of the stone columns and spacing between the stone columns were discussed. It was observed that due to the application of soil– cement bed, the bulging and vertical settlement of the stone column reduced noticeably and load carrying capacity increased appreciably. All the experimental results were compared with the numerical results
M. Das (&) Civil Engineering Department, Institute of Technical Education and Resarch, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India e-mail: [email protected] A. K. Dey Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam, India e-mail: [email protected]
obtained from ABAQUS-3D and a good correlation between the results was obtained. Keywords Load carrying capacity Stone columns Soil–cement bed Finite-element analysis
1 Introduction Among all the ground improvement techniques, reinforcement of soft soil with stone columns is one of the most convenient and oldest techniques (Raju 1997; Raju et al. 2004); . The beneficial reasons for this include the increased bearing capacity and reduction in settlement in soft soils. Probably the first study on stone columns was made by Moreau et al. in 1830 in France (Hughes and Withers 1974). In India, use of stone columns was started in the 1970s. In 1995, Bouassida et al. presented a methodology to estimate the bearing capacity of stone columns by considering the three-dimensional effects of the stone columns and the surrounding soft soils with a lower bound solution (Bouassida et al. 1995). The theories related to the bearing capacity and settlement of the stone columns are also available in one of the Indian Standards (IS 15284-Part 1 2003). To understand the behavior of the stone columns, most of the researchers carried out laboratory model tests since the model tests reflect behaviors of the prototype with simulated conditions (Shahu and
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Reddy 2011). Some researchers used a unit cell idealization for the model tests to observe the behavior of a fully pen
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