User-Centered Development and Patient Acceptability Testing of a Health-Coaching Intervention to Enhance Cancer Survivor
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User-Centered Development and Patient Acceptability Testing of a Health-Coaching Intervention to Enhance Cancer Survivorship Follow-up in Primary Care Denalee M. O’Malley 1,2,3,4 & Stacy N. Davis 1,2,3,5 & Rahwana Amare 1,2 & Bianca Sanabria 1,2 & Brittany Sullivan 1,2,4 & Katie A. Devine 1,3 & Jeanne M. Ferrante 1,2,3,4 & Patricia A. Findley 1,3,6 & Suzanne M. Miller 7 & Shawna V. Hudson 1,2,3,4,5 Accepted: 18 September 2020 # American Association for Cancer Education 2020
Abstract We describe an iterative three-phase approach used to develop a cancer survivorship health-coaching intervention to guide selfmanagement and follow-up care for post-treatment breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivors. Informed by theory (e.g., Cognitive-Social Health Information Processing Model (C-SHIP)), relevant literature, and clinical guidelines, we engaged in a user-centered design process. In phase I, we conducted depth interviews with survivors of breast (n = 34), prostate (n = 4), and colorectal (n = 6) cancers to develop a health coaching prototype. In phase II, we utilized user-testing interviews (n = 9) to test and refine the health coaching prototype. For both phases, we used a template analysis independently coding each interview. In phase I, majority (n = 34, 81%) of survivors were positive about the utility of health coaching. Among these survivors (n = 34), the top areas of identified need were emotional support (44%), general health information (35.3%), changes in diet and exercise (29.3%), accountability and motivation (23.5%), and information about treatment effects (17.7%). The prototype was developed and usertested and refined in phase III to address the following concerns: (1) the amount of time for calls, (2) density of reading materials, (3) clarity about health coaches’ role, (4) customization. Collectively, this resulted in the development of the Extended Cancer Educational for Long-Term Cancer Survivors health-coaching (EXCELSHC) program, which represents the first cancer survivorship follow-up program to support follow-up care designed-for-dissemination in primary care settings. EXCELSHC is being tested in a clinical efficacy trial. Future research will focus on program refinement and testing for effectiveness in primary care. Keywords Breast cancer survivors . Colorectal cancer survivors . Prostate cancer survivors . Cancer survivorship . Health-coaching . Self-management . Primary care
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* Denalee M. O’Malley [email protected] 1
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
2
Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, New Brunswick, USA
3
Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA
4
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, USA
5
Rutgers, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior, Society, and Policy, New Brunswick, USA
6
Rutgers School of Social Work, New Brunswick, USA
7
Fox Chase Cancer Center/Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
One-third
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