Utilization of Harmony Search Algorithm in Optimal Structural Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structures
The most important concern for structural design engineers is, nowadays, how to design and build a structure which is really sustainable. The course to design and construct of buildings has to be urgently changed if the overall carbon dioxide emission wou
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Civil Engineering Department, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey [email protected] Civil Engineering Department, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey [email protected]
Abstract. The most important concern for structural design engineers is, nowadays, how to design and build a structure which is really sustainable. The course to design and construct of buildings has to be urgently changed if the overall carbon dioxide emission would like to be reduced. Otherwise, the increase in global warming arising out of building construction will continue in a great majority. The application of cold-formed steel skeleton frames increasingly in building trade makes possible sustainable structures. In this study a harmony search algorithm (HSA) and an improved version, called as adaptive harmony search (AHSA) algorithm to obtain optimum design of cold-formed steel frames. These algorithms choose the cold-formed thin-walled C-sections treated as design variables from a list in AISI-LRFD (American Iron and Steel Institution, Load and Resistance Factor Design). This selection minimize the weight of the cold-formed steel frame while the design constraints specified by the code are satisfied. Keywords: Structural optimization Harmony search algorithm Cold-formed steel frame Discrete sizing AISI-LRFD specification
1 Introduction The greenhouse gas emission, especially carbon dioxide emission, has great impact contribution to global warming. The construction industry with over a third of gas emissions is a main actor of carbon dioxide emission and act as a catalyzer to other environmental impacts. The structural engineers have an opportunity to make an important support to sustainable design by implementing the cold-formed steel framing [1]. Cold-formed steel framing has earned a great popularity by a growing implementation, especially in low-rise steel frames from four to nine stories. This more extensive utilization increases the importance of cold-formed steel frame design due to the nonlinear characterization of the thin-walled steel structural members. Due to having very thin wall thickness the member can buckle under axial load, shear, bending or bearing before the stresses attain to yield stress [2, 3]. On this account, the local buckling occurs at the member walls constitute the principal design criteria. To hurdle © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 J. Del Ser (ed.), Harmony Search Algorithm, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 514, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3728-3_24
Utilization of Harmony Search Algorithm
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this, it is necessary to apply a suitable optimization technique. Further to that, since the design variables treated as the cross-section areas of the steel profiles which are generally discrete values and are selected from a list of available steel sections provided by manufacturers, the optimization problem becomes more complicated. As it is obvious, to reach the solution of this discrete optimization problem described is not in an easy way. The appearance of the metaheuri
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