Utilization of Swertia chirayita Plant Extracts for Management of Diabetes and Associated Disorders: Present Status, Fut
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REVIEW
Utilization of Swertia chirayita Plant Extracts for Management of Diabetes and Associated Disorders: Present Status, Future Prospects and Limitations Pinaki Dey1 · Joginder Singh2 · Jagadish Kumar Suluvoy3 · Kevin Joseph Dilip4 · Jayato Nayak5 Received: 21 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Diabetes mellitus is referred as common metabolic abnormalities characterized as hyperglycemia, mainly caused due to insufficient production of insulin at cellular level or/and defects in insulin action. Such an endocrine disorder is responsible for serious health problems and its worldwide prevalence is rapidly increasing. Common management of diabetes by oral administration of drugs without creating any side effects is still considered a challenging task and increasing cost of conventional medicine in developing countries is another matter of concern. To address these issues, traditional preparations of herbal plant extracts in the form of medicines already gained immense attention. Swertia chirayita is one among such plants which is known for its hypoglycemic potential. Numerous chemical constituents with promising pharmacological properties have been identified from such plant extracts but still, such compounds have not been well characterized, specifically against human application. Hence, more research efforts are necessitated to understand exact mechanism of such compounds and to develop overall safety of such plant formulations. Present review clearly represents antidiabetic properties of Swertia chirayita extract, strategies to be taken to strengthen its safety application on humans and biotechnological interventions that ensure conservation of such endangered species to promote its future application in modern medicine. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Swertia chirayita · Diabetes · Phytochemicals · Conservation
* Pinaki Dey [email protected] 1
Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114, India
Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
2
3
Biotechnology Department, Vignan Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
4
National Dong Hwa University, Department of Life Sciences, Hualien, China
5
Department of Chemical Engineering, VSB Engineering College, Karur, Tamil Nadu 639111, India
13
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1 Introduction Diabetes mellitus has been considered as most prevalent endocrine metabolic disorders significantly affecting 25% of the world population with morbidity and mortality. It is classified in two different types based on insulin dependency. The total occurrence of diabetes is about 10% of the overall population, and 90% of such disease is considered under type 2 [1]. Diabetes of first category is mostly distinguished by inadequate production or reduced response to key regulatory hormone insulin during body’s metabolism. Insulin is considered as the most essential hormone which helps the con
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