Valve Leakage Analysis in Reciprocating Compressor by Using Acoustic Emission Technique
Non-intrusive measurement technique, namely, the acoustic emission (AE) technique, is often employed to provide an early detection of valve failures in reciprocating compressor. Past researchers often relate the root-mean-square (RMS) value of AE signal t
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Abstract Non-intrusive measurement technique, namely, the acoustic emission (AE) technique, is often employed to provide an early detection of valve failures in reciprocating compressor. Past researchers often relate the root-mean-square (RMS) value of AE signal to valve leakages. However, the amount of valve leakage is often unknown. In other words, the degree of valve deterioration to the extent that valve should be replaced is unknown. This study examined the effect of increasing valve impacts on AE signal and flow rate of fluid flowing through the suction valve correspondingly, with the intention to relate AE signal to the mass flow rate of fluid. It involves measurement of both suction mass flow rate and AE signal at different compressor speeds and valve conditions and statistical test to investigate the significance of compressor speed on AE signal and mass flow rate of suction valve. It is believed that the study can help to establish an empirical relationship for AE signal and valve leakage rate, which is helpful in estimating the reduction of compressor performance due to valve leakages. Keywords Acoustic emission · Valve leakage rate · Reciprocating compressor · Analysis of variance
1 Introduction Acoustic emission (AE) technique is often employed by plant personnel to monitor the health condition of machine. This is because AE is a direct measurement of damage. The AE sensor measures the transient elastic waves generated during material deformation, rubbing, cracking, impacting, cavitation, and leakage. In reciprocating compressor, valve is often one of the main concerns, as its failures H. Y. Sim · R. Ramli (*) · A. Saifizul Advanced Computational and Applied Mechanics (ACAM) Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 G. Shen et al. (eds.), Advances in Acoustic Emission Technology, Springer Proceedings in Physics 218, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12111-2_33
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constituted to a large portion of unscheduled compressor shutdowns [1]. Most valve failures such as incomplete sealing or corrosion of valve plates result in valve leakages, which can eventually affect the efficiency of compressor. Past studies [2, 3] showed that AE technique can detect the abnormalities of valve opening and closing impact. However, the relationship between the AE bursts resulted from the impacts, and valve leakages are less examined. References [4, 5] proposed the degree of valve opening and closing timing and amplitude variation of AE bursts as indicators for valve severity. The authors also found that valve leakages are often accompanied by an increase in the amplitude of continuous AE signal. Nevertheless, the threshold of burst or continuous AE signal and advanced/delayed degree for different valve conditions are not specified. In fact, the relationship between AE signal and leakage of a control valve in a pipeline was investigated by [6, 7]. The authors quantified
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