Variability of Chemical Elements and Biologically Active Polyphenols in Lonicera caerulea subsp. Altaica (Caprifoliaceae
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ability of Chemical Elements and Biologically Active Polyphenols in Lonicera caerulea subsp. Altaica (Caprifoliaceae) Plant Organs Along an Altitudinal Gradient I. G. Boyarskiha, b, *, A. I. Sysob, and T. I. Siromlyab aCentral
Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received March 27, 2019; revised May 17, 2019; accepted May 20, 2019
Abstract—The variability of the content of macro- and trace elements and fractions of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in organs of the honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea subsp. altaica plants collected from indigenous populations in Gorny Altai (Seminsky Ridge), Russia, has been examined. Statistically significant positive correlations between the altitude of the plant growth site and the content of Cu in leaves, Ca, Zn and Cd in stems, and K and Na uptake rate by leaves are found. A physiologically important ratio of biophylic elements such as Fe/Mn in leaves are found to decrease with increasing altitude. The main polyphenolic components of L. caerulea subsp. аltaica leaves showed altitudinal ranges of 1176–3216 mg/100 g for hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (chlorogenic and dicoffeylcinchonic acids), 342–1442 mg/100 g for phlavonols (quercetin glucosides), and 757–1988 mg/100 g for flavons (luteoline and apigenine glucosides). The content of flavons positively correlated with the growth site altitude. The content of flavonols, on the contrary, decreased with increased altitude. The accumulation levels of flavons and flavonols negatively correlated with the content of Cu in leaves; Ca, Zn, and Cd in stems; and K/Na in leaves and K/Ca in stems. The derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acid correlated with accumulation rates of Ca, K, Mg, Zn, Mn, Sr, and Cd, and the ratios K/Ca, Ca/Na, and Cu/Zn in leaves. Keywords: Lonicera caerulea, altitudinal gradient, macroelements, trace elements, flavonols, flavons, hydroxycinnamic acids DOI: 10.1134/S1995425519060039
INTRODUCTION Lonicera caerulea L. (honeysuckle) from the family Caprifoliaceae is a species widespread in the temperate zone of Eurasia and North America. The fruits of L. caerulea can be a promising source of health-promoting components: vitamin C, biologically active phenolic compounds (PS) (Palikova et al., 2008; Boyarskih et al., 2014; Celli, et al., 2014; Kucharska et al., 2017), iridoids (Kucharska et al., 2017, Oszmiański and Kucharska, 2018), and macro- and microelements (Boyarskih et al., 2013). They exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory (Rupasinghe et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2017), immunomodulating, antiviral (Svarcova et al., 2007), antibacterial (Kula et al., 2013; Celli et al., 2014), antifungal, and other types of activity (Palikova et al., 2008); for this reason, the fruits of L. caerulea can be used as a source of natural antioxidants, natural dyes, and as a functional component of food products. They represent a use
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