Variation in IgE binding potencies of seven Artemisia species depending on content of major allergens
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Clinical and Translational Allergy Open Access
RESEARCH
Variation in IgE binding potencies of seven Artemisia species depending on content of major allergens Lan Zhao1,2†, Wanyi Fu3†, Biyuan Gao4, Yi Liu1, Shandong Wu1, Zhi Chen1,5, Xianqi Zhang6, Huiying Wang6, Yan Feng7, Xueyan Wang8, Hongtian Wang8, Tianfei Lan8, Meiling Liu9, Xuefeng Wang9, Yuemei Sun10, Fangmei Luo11, Gabriele Gadermaier12, Fatima Ferreira12, Serge A. Versteeg13, Jaap H. Akkerdaas13, Deyun Wang14, Rudolf Valenta15,16,17,18, Susanne Vrtala15, Zhongshan Gao1,2,13* and Ronald van Ree13
Abstract Background: Artemisia weed pollen allergy is important in the northern hemisphere. While over 350 species of this genus have been recorded, there has been no full investigation into whether different species may affect the allergen diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the variations in amino acid sequences and the content of major allergens, and how these affect specific IgE binding capacity in representative Artemisia species. Methods: Six representative Artemisia species from China and Artemisia vulgaris from Europe were used to determine allergen amino acid sequences by transcriptome, gene sequencing and mass spectrometry of the purified allergen component proteins. Sandwich ELISAs were developed and applied for Art v 1, Art v 2 and Art v 3 allergen quantification in different species. Aqueous pollen extracts and purified allergen components were used to assess IgE binding by ELISA and ImmunoCAP with mugwort allergic patient serum pools and individual sera from five areas in China. Results: The Art v 1 and Art v 2 homologous allergen sequences in the seven Artemisia species were highly conserved. Art v 3 type allergens in A. annua and A. sieversiana were more divergent compared to A. argyi and A. vulgaris. The allergen content of Art v 1 group in the seven extracts ranged from 3.4% to 7.1%, that of Art v 2 from 1.0% to 3.6%, and Art v 3 from 0.3% to 10.5%. The highest IgE binding potency for most Chinese Artemisia allergy patients was with A. annua pollen extract, followed by A. vulgaris and A. argyi, with A. sieversiana significantly lower. Natural Art v 1-3 isoallergens from different species have almost equivalent IgE binding capacity in Artemisia allergic patients from China. Conclusion and clinical relevance: There was high sequence similarity but different content of the three group allergens from different Artemisia species. Choice of Artemisia annua and A. argyi pollen source for diagnosis and immunotherapy is recommended in China. Keywords: Pollen allergen, Artemisia, Different species, IgE binding potency, Allergen quantification
*Correspondence: [email protected] † Lan Zhao and Wanyi Fu should be considered joint first author 1 Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background Artemisia species are wind-pollinated weeds, widely distributed in the northern hemisphere with a few species in the southern hemisphere
