Visual simulation of weathering coated metallic objects
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Visual simulation of weathering coated metallic objects Akinori Ishitobi1 · Masanori Nakayama1 · Issei Fujishiro1,2
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Weathering, referring to techniques for depicting outdoor objects as having suffered rain and wind damage, has a long history of research, and many methods can be found in the literature. Metal is a representative target of weathering, as metallic surface corrosion is a widespread deterioration phenomenon in our daily life. However, few weathering methods consider the effects of rust-preventive paint, while real metal is usually treated with a preservative. This paper presents a novel procedural method for weathering coated metal objects. In our method, a coated surface is imposed on a 3D triangular mesh. We enable the mechanical deterioration of coating film, and we deform the mesh model to express cracking and peeling. As further defacing elements on the coating film, runoff rust and darkening are reproduced by changing the color and reflectance of the surface. Besides, by locally adjusting the control parameters of the designated areas on the surface, the process of deterioration can be arbitrarily directed. Several visual simulation results are shown to prove empirically the faithfulness of the proposed methods. Keywords Weathering · Coating · Deformation
1 Introduction Virtual objects are timeless—they are rarely left derelict for prolonged periods. However, object degradation is a universal phenomenon in reality, giving a strong impression of the lapse of time. Hence, the aging of virtual objects is a vital topic in the pursuit of physical realism in computer graphics (CG). In fact, many developments in the process of weathering have been offered to depict outdoor objects as having suffered rain and wind damage. Especially, metallic surface rusting is a widespread degradation phenomenon featuring varied manifestations, and there exist many known weathering methods targeted at metallic surfaces. A rust-preventive paint is usually applied, though most of the existing methods do not consider the effects of rust-preventive paint. In addition, 3D deformation is required to express realistic coating
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-020-01947-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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film deterioration, a technique supported by few metal weathering methods. Herein, we develop a novel procedural method for weathering coated metal objects. We focus particularly on the process of cracking and peeling as representative degradation behaviors. Figure 1 illustrates how a metallic Stanford bunny is being weathered. This example shows that the proposed method enables the simulation of coating deterioration by considering the 3D shape’s deformation, where runoff rust and darkening of the coating film can be expressed, as well. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. The next section categorizes existing a
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