Vomeronasal Organ
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is the peripheral sensory organ of the accessory olfactory system. It is a paired organ located at the base of the nasal septum or in the roof of the mouth in most amphibians, reptiles, and mammals (Meredith, Chem Senses 26(4):
- PDF / 109,488 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 504.57 x 720 pts Page_size
- 57 Downloads / 197 Views
33
Cemal Cingi, Aytuğ Altundağ, and İsmail Koçak
Keywords
Vomeronasal organ • Nasal physiology • Sense of smell
Core Messages
• Conflicts on the existence and function of vomeronasal organ in human nose still goes on. • The blind-ending tube lined by pseudostratified epithelium, associated with submucosal glands seems highly likely to be the remnant of the vomeronasal organ.
C. Cingi, MD (*) Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey Medical Faculty, ENT Department, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Meselik Kampüsü, Eskisehir 26140, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] A. Altundağ, MD Department of Otolaryngology, Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Ferah Street No: 23, Nisantasi Sisli, Istanbul 34365, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] İ. Koçak, MD ENT Department, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey e-mail: [email protected]
• Local and systemic effects of Vomeropherin pregna-4,20-diene-3,6-dione supports the functionality of the human VNO and its repercussions in autonomic and psychophysiological functions. On the other hand some researchers suggest that the human VNO does have epithelia that may be able to serve as a chemical sensory organ but there seem to be no connections between the VNO and the central nervous system.
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is the peripheral sensory organ of the accessory olfactory system. It is a paired organ located at the base of the nasal septum or in the roof of the mouth in most amphibians, reptiles, and mammals (Meredith 2001). The VNO constitutes an accessory olfactory organ that receives chemical stimuli, pheromones, which elicit behavioral, reproductive, or neuroendocrine responses among individuals of the same species (Witt and Hummel 2006). Frederik Ruysch discovered the vomeronasal cavities in humans in 1,703. He described a “canalibus nasalibus” on each side of the anterior
T.M. Önerci (ed.), Nasal Physiology and Pathophysiology of Nasal Disorders, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-37250-6_33, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
469
C. Cingi et al.
470
part of the nasal septum of a young cadaver. Kölliker made a detailed study of the position of the vomeronasal cavities in the nasal septum of dead fetuses, children, and adults. The opening of the cavity is visible as a pit at the surface of the septum (Trotier et al. 2000). Ludwig Lewin Jacobson described in great detail the vomeronasal organ in a number of mammalian species. However, he also noted the lack of development of the vomeronasal structure in humans (Trotier and Døving 1998).
33.1
VNO Anatomy
Researchers describe a blind-ending tube lined on all sides by a pseudostratified epithelium and with associated submucosal glands. It seems highly likely that this structure is the adult human remnant of the vomeronasal organ (Johnson et al. 1994). The vomeronasal cavities were located at the base of the most anterior part of the nasal septum which can be detected by computed tomography. Histological studies indicated that the vomeronasal cavities consisted of a pit generally conn
Data Loading...
