Water Quality Criteria Green Book of China
The book mainly introduces readers to the development and current status of water quality criteria (WQC) in China and other countries or areas, and proposes a minimum toxicity data requirement (MTDR; i.e., six species from three phyla) as the principle me
- PDF / 2,913,337 Bytes
- 175 Pages / 439.42 x 683.15 pts Page_size
- 67 Downloads / 203 Views
Water Quality Criteria Green Book of China
Water Quality Criteria Green Book of China
Zhengtao Liu
Water Quality Criteria Green Book of China
Editor Zhengtao Liu Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing, China
ISBN 978-94-017-7269-3 ISBN 978-94-017-7270-9 DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-7270-9
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015949995 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Science+Business Media B.V. Dordrecht is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www. springer.com)
Foreword
Water quality criteria (WQC) are fundamental for developing enforceable water quality standards (WQS) and play an important role in the management of water quality in aquatic environments. WQC are also scientific benchmarks for monitoring and evaluating risks of pollutants in aquatic environments. Both WQC and WQS form the essential benchmarks for the management of aquatic ecosystems. Developed countries like the USA and European countries have started to investigate and develop their own WQC since the early twentieth century. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has published a series of national WQC including “The Green Book,” “The Blue Book,” “The Red Book,” and “The Golden Book” during the last several decades. European countries have also released their national guidelines or specifications on deriving WQC to protect their aquatic environments in recent years. Even though the WQS system has initially taken shape in China, these standards were mainly established by drawing on experiences from developed countries’ regions and relevant international organizations (e.g., the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and World Health Organization (WHO)). Therefore, current-in-effect WQSs in China have a lot of limitations in protecting its local aquatic ecosystems and human health. In t
Data Loading...
