Wave-induced loads on a lock gate provided with an opening through the ballast tank
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Wave-induced loads on a lock gate provided with an opening through the ballast tank Luca Cavallaro1
· Claudio Iuppa1 · Pietro Scandura1 · Enrico Foti1
Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 / Published online: 2 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The wave loads on a navigation lock gate provided with an opening in the ballast tank are analyzed using a mathematical model based on the linear wave theory. The analysis focuses on the influence of the wave number and the geometrical characteristics of the structure on the applied load. It is shown that the maximum value of the vertical force mainly depends on the height of the ballast tank and on the width of the opening. The wave number for which the maximum load occurs significantly depends on the geometric characteristics of the structure except for the water depth above the ballast tank which has a negligible effect. An increase in the height of the ballast tank causes an increase in the wave load while an increase in the width of the opening causes a decrease in the wave load. Based on the results of the mathematical model an easy to use regression model has been developed which can be employed to evaluate the wave load. Keywords Navigation lock · Sliding gate · Wave load
1 Introduction Lock gates are essential structures of a navigation lock system, since they allow for the retention of water and the locking of vessels above or below the sea level. Several types of lock gates are used around the world: mitre gates, single pivot gates, standing tainter gates, rolling or sliding gates, lift gates, etc. Rolling and sliding gate for navigation locks are usually equipped with ballast tanks, which allow the load on the roller carriages to be reduced in order to improve the maneuverability. The presence of such elements could produce some disadvantage, among which the increase of vertical force due to waves which may have negative effects especially during the gate movement.
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Luca Cavallaro [email protected] Claudio Iuppa [email protected] Pietro Scandura [email protected] Enrico Foti [email protected]
1
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
Wave action is often neglected in the design of these structures as they are usually located in waters characterized by small waves with short periods. However, waves might be important for lock gates located along the coastline of sea or great lakes. The possible negative effects of the wave load on a sliding gate have recently emerged at the seaside gate of the navigation lock realized at the Malamocco inlet of the Venice lagoon, which was designed to allow the access to the Port of Venice during the operative period of the flood control system Mo.S.E. (acronym of ’MOdulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico’ in italian language). The width of such a gate is 50 m and the height is 16.6 m. The mean water depth in front of the gate is 14 m. During a storm in 2015 the sea-side gate underwent extensive d
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