Wear Behavior of a Novel Aluminum-Based Hybrid Composite
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INTRODUCTION
ALUMINUM alloys have potential applications which require light weight and energy savings; however, these applications are often restricted due to poor wear resistance.[1] The development of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (AlMMCs) has received a considerable attention due to the superior properties of AlMMCs compared with the monolithic aluminum alloys in view of improved wear resistance apart from other aspects, such as increased stiffness, high strength, and enhanced creep resistance. These materials have emerged to meet the requirements for many applications such as aerospace and transportation industries.[2,3] Many of these applications require enhanced tribological performance. Particularly, AlMMCs encounter dry sliding wear when these are used as automotive engine components such as cylinder blocks, pistons, and piston insert rings.[4] Widespread research has been carried out over the last few decades on wear behavior of AlMMCs with single reinforcement, such as SiC, Al2O3, B4C, TiC, TiB2, etc.[5–10] The wear resistance of Al/SiC particulate composite was reported to be superior to that of Al/ Al2O3 composites due to greater hardness of SiC.[11,12] In particular, SiC particles were observed to provide high resistance to abrasive wear dominated by microcutting and microplowing mechanisms. The abrasive wear resistance is improved with the increasing vol pct of SiC particles.[5] The trend of increasing wear resistance with the increasing reinforcement particle content was also observed in 4147 Al/B4C composite.[8] The BIJAY KUMAR SHOW, Assistant Professor, DIPAK KUMAR MONDAL, Professor, and JOYDEEP MAITY, Associate Professor, are with the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur 713209, West Bengal, India. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted June 15, 2013. Article published online October 16, 2013 METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
4147 Al/B4C composite exhibited superior wear resistance to monolithic 4147 Al alloy. When 4147 Al alloy suffered a severe adhesive–abrasive wear, the 4147 Al/ B4C composite was in light-mild adhesive wear stage under similar wear test condition. Moreover, 4147 Al/ SiC composite showed still better wear resistance than the 4147 Al/B4C composite.[8] In recent years, there has been substantial effort in the development of composites with hybrid (more than one) reinforcement in view of obtaining the simultaneous beneficial effects of different reinforcements. The main outcome of the research studies reported so far on aluminum alloy-based composites containing ceramic hybrid reinforcements (such as SiC, Al2O3, TiC etc.) is the improvement in wear resistance compared with composites with single reinforcement. However, with regard to mechanical properties, a mixed result is obtained. According to the reports of Oh and Han[13] and Song and Han,[14] similar to composites with single reinforcement, the composites containing hybrid reinforcement possess excellent damage toleranc
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