What do we Know about Bullying in Syrian Adolescent Refugees? A Cross Sectional Study from Turkey
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What do we Know about Bullying in Syrian Adolescent Refugees? A Cross Sectional Study from Turkey (Bullying in Syrian Adolescent Refugees) Rabia Yilmaz 1 & Merve Cikili Uytun 2 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the bullying status of Syrian adolescent refugees in Turkey and identify factors that contribute to bullying. The adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years and who live in Kilis as a Syrian refugee assessed between the dates 01.01.2019–01.01.2020. Currently, 119 children and adolescents were enrolled in the study. Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (present and life time version – K-SADS-PL) was applied by a specialist of child and adolescent psychiatry. The Sociodemographic Data Form, The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) were used for assesment of children and adolescents. Of the study sample, 31 adolescents (27.1%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder. The most prevalent psychiatric disorder was Other Specified Trauma and Stressor Related disorder (13.4%) and Post- traumatic stres disorder (6.7%). The prevalence of bullying and victimization was found as 58.9%. The boys group was significantly more likely to be bully and both victim and bully (p = 0.04, p = 0.001* respectively) compared to the girls group. Our results demonstrate that besides the past experiences related to war and immigration, the adolescent refugees experienced bullying consequences of being a refugee in Turkey. Keywords Adolescent . Refugee . Syrian . Bullying
* Merve Cikili Uytun [email protected]; [email protected]
1
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kilis State Hospital, Kilis, Turkey
2
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
Psychiatric Quarterly
Introduction Since the Syrian civil war in 2011, over 6.6 million Syrians have fled their country [1]. There are about 4 million refugees mostly Syrian in Turkey and approximately 1.74 million of these refugees are children [2]. Refugee children and adolescents are more vulnerable compared with other groups and more prone to develop psychological disturbances [3, 4] Especially adolescent refugees who experience war, are at risk of developing psychological problems because of their unique developmental stage [5]. Being a young refugee involves many risks such as violence, uncertainty, experiencing the trauma of loss, and being socially excluded and relocation to a new unfamiliar environment [6, 7]. Their role confusion and transformation in identity [8] can be disrupted by these risk factors in their new places [9, 10]. It is also known that refugee children and adolescents also struggle to adapt to their new school environment in the new country [11, 12]. There is widespread recognition that bullying among school-aged children and adolescents is an important public health problem and typically takes place on school grounds [1
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