WIG Craft and Ekranoplan Ground Effect Craft Technology
WIGs (Wing in Ground) are advanced hybrid air cushion crafts and they offer the combination of speed, fuel efficiency, and ride smoothness. WIG rides above the surface like an airplane on a dynamic air cushion that is produced by the vessel’s forward moti
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Liang Yun Alan Bliault Johnny Doo
WIG Craft and Ekranoplan
WIG Craft and Ekranoplan Ground Effect Craft Technology
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WIG Craft and Ekranoplan
Liang Yun · Alan Bliault · Johnny Doo
WIG Craft and Ekranoplan Ground Effect Craft Technology
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Liang Yun Marine Design and Research Institute of China (MARIC) 1688 Xizhang Nan Road 200011 Shanghai People’s Republic of China [email protected]
Alan Bliault A/S Norske Shell 4098 Tananger Norway [email protected]
Johnny Doo Teledyne Continental Motors 2039 Broad Street P.O. Box 90 Mobile, AL 36601 USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-0041-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-0042-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0042-5 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009937415 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
In the last half-century, high-speed water transportation has developed rapidly. Novel high-performance marine vehicles, such as the air cushion vehicle (ACV), surface effect ship (SES), high-speed monohull craft (MHC), catamaran (CAT), hydrofoil craft (HYC), wave-piercing craft (WPC) and small water area twin hull craft (SWATH) have all developed as concepts, achieving varying degrees of commercial and military success. Prototype ACV and SES have achieved speeds of 100 knots in flat calm conditions; however, the normal cruising speed for commercial operations has remained around 35–50 knots. This is partly due to increased drag in an average coastal seaway where such craft operate services and partly due to limitations of the propulsion systems for such craft. Water jets and water propellers face limitations due to cavitation at high speed, for example. SWATH are designed for reduced motions in a seaway, but the hull form is not a low drag form suitable for high-speed operation. So that seems to lead to a problem – maintain water contact and either water propulsion systems run out of power or craft motions and speed loss are a problem in higher seastates. The only way to higher speed would appear to be to disconnect completely from the water surface. You, the reader, might respond with a question about racing hydroplanes, which manage speeds of above 200 kph. Yes, true, but the power-to-weight ratio is extrem
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