X-pinch source of subnanosecond soft X-ray pulses based on small-sized low-inductance current generator
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XPinch Source of Subnanosecond Soft Xray Pulses Based on SmallSized LowInductance Current Generator G. A. Mesyatsa, T. A. Shelkovenkoa, G. V. Ivanenkova, A. V. Agafonova, S. Yu. Savinova, S. A. Pikuza, *, I. N. Tilikinb, S. I. Tkachenkob, S. A. Chaikovskiic, N. A. Ratakhinc, V. F. Fedushchakc, V. I. Oreshkinc, A. V. Fedyuninc, A. G. Russkikhc, N. A. Labetskayac, A. P. Artemovc, D. A. Hammerd, and D. B. Sinarse a
Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow oblast, 141700 Russia cInstitute of HighCurrent Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634055 Russia d Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853 USA eSandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87185 USA *email: [email protected] b
Received February 25, 2010
Abstract—For the first time, the regime of a micrometersize hot spot formation is impemented for an Xpinch in a plasma, which is fed from a current generator based on lowinductance capacitors and rapid cur rent switches. The configurations of Xpinches, which can be used effectively as point sources of soft Xrays with this type of current generator, are determined. A prototype of a smallsize radiation source for highres olution point projection Xray radiography has been constructed. The main parameters of Xpinch as a radi ation source are analyzed and compared with Xpinch parameters in highvoltage setups with shaping lines. An analysis of the data on the operation of Xpinches in generators with different parameters has led to simple relations that can be used to select optimal initial Xpinch parameters. DOI: 10.1134/S1063776110090049
1. INTRODUCTION Xpinch proposed for the first time and imple mented at the Lebedev Physical Institute [1] has become one of the most powerful (1015–1016 W/cm2 sr; [2, 3]) laboratory radiation sources in the soft Xray range (1–10 keV). The unique parameters of the source (micrometer size and picosecond duration of the radiation burst [4, 5]) make it indispensable for the projection radiology of various physical [6] and bio logical [7] objects. The use of Xray radiology in anal ysis of fast zpinches based on exploding wires [8, 9] has yielded important experimental results [10, 11] that have radically changed the views on the processes occurring in them. This concerns the initial stage of explosion of wires, at which it was found that a sub stance is in a multiphase state [12, 13], as well as the stage of the formation of a waist and hot spots [14, 15]. “Hot spot” is the term applied to plasma formation at a temperature above 500 eV and a density on the order of the density of a solid with a size not exceeding 10 μm with a radiation spectrum close to the blackbody radiation spectrum [2, 16, 17]. At the same time, advances in the practical applica tion of Xpinch in biological studies are much more modest. This is due to the fact that Xpinch generators are complex and largesize experimental devices b
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