ZF and MMSE Detectors Performances of a Massive MIMO System Combined with OFDM and M-QAM Modulation
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ZF and MMSE Detectors Performances of a Massive MIMO System Combined with OFDM and M‑QAM Modulation Abdelhamid Riadi1 · Mohamed Boulouird1,2 · Moha M’Rabet Hassani1 Accepted: 14 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper presents a least squares channel estimation (LSCE) in the UpLink transmission for a Massive MIMO systems in 5G wireless communications, combined with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and higher-order M-QAM modulation. The Mean Square Error (MSE) of the LSCE is computed, and the performance of ZF, MMSE and V-BLAST detectors is also evaluated. Using 128-QAM modulation (i.e., increasing the noise system sensibility) with 1024 subcarriers and increasing the Base Station antennas array decreases more the Bit Error Rate (BER) for the ZF, MMSE and V-BLAST detectors with respect to the MSE. The performance degradation both ZF and MMSE compared to V-BLAST is negligible in a high receive antennas; hence, faster data rates and higher spectral efficiency levels for the communication systems. Consequently, the ZF, MMSE and V-BLAST detectors achieve a better BER with respect to channel estimation. Keywords Massive MIMO · OFDM · Channel estimation · Least square and MMSE detector · ZF detector
1 Introduction Wireless mobile networks are classified into three broad categories. The first is satellite technologies (DVB-S2, TS2, ...), the second is wireless technologies (PAN, WLAN, WMAN, Wimax, ...) and the last is cellular technologies (GSM, GPRS, UMTS, LTE, 5G, ...). 5G is a promising technology which is based on Massive MIMO between emission and reception. Nowadays, in a world of great mobility, the speed and capacity of * Mohamed Boulouird [email protected] Abdelhamid Riadi [email protected] Moha M’Rabet Hassani [email protected] 1
Instrumentation, Signals and Physical Systems (I2SP) Group, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Boulevard Prince My Abdellah, B.P. 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Marocco
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National School of Applied Sciences of Marrakesh (ENSA‑M), Cadi Ayyad University, Avenue Abdelkrim Al Khattabi, BP 575, Gueliz, Marrakesh, Morocco
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communication systems are essential elements in order to keep people from all over the world in communication. Increasing the number of antennas at the Base Station (BS), Massive MIMO combined with OFDM can support very high throughput and/or performance of the links as well as spectral efficiency [1]. Massive MIMO has a significant effect in the development of future 5G communication systems [2], due to the multipath between the transmitter/receiver antennas respectively (i.e., Massive MIMO channels). Massive MIMO system has an opportunity to combine with the millimeter wave (mmW) to reach the multi Gb/s required by the new generation 5G [3–6]. In the UL or in the DownLink (DL), the performance of Massive MIMO system is limited by pilot contamination [7–9]. In the same way, for the UL transmission, the data detection at the receive antennas i
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