Zirconium-Ferrite Nanoparticles As Improved Adsorbent for Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ : Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies
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HYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF NANOCLUSTERS AND NANOMATERIALS
Zirconium-Ferrite Nanoparticles As Improved Adsorbent for Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+: Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies Shah Raj Alia, Abul Kalamb, Abdullah G. Al-Sehemic, Zenab Khana, Sadaf Ansaria, Naved Haidera, and Rajesh Kumara,* a Department
of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263002 India Department of Chemistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413 Saudi Arabia c Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413 Saudi Arabia * e-mail: [email protected] b
Received December 31, 2019; revised February 29, 2020; accepted March 17, 2020
Abstract—Nanostructured zirconium ferrite with improved surface area of 392 m2/g has been found to show high adsorption affinity for Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+. The adsorption was found to be greatly dependent on pH and the maximum adsorption was found at pH 6. The adsorption trends were found to be best fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm with regression coefficient (R2) value of 0.999, 0.998, and 0.999 for Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+, respectively, at 288 K. The values of Xm and KL were calculated and showed the maximum adsorption capacities towards Cu2+ and minimum adsorption of Co2+ under the optimized pH, contact time, concentration of adsorbate, adsorbent dose, and temperature. The values of thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° were calculated and showed that the adsorption of Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ on ZFNPs takes place through weak van der Waals interaction. Further, the adsorption of Co2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ on ZFNPs was found to follow the pseudo–second–order kinetics. Keywords: zirconium-ferrite nanoparticle, adsorption, heavy metal ion, thermodynamic and kinetic studies DOI: 10.1134/S003602442013004X
INTRODUCTION It is a well-established fact that heavy metal ions, even at low concentrations, can cause highly adverse effects to the human health. The contaminated water is the major source of these heavy metal ions. The heavy metal ions contaminating the groundwater come from various sources, such as metal plating industries, chloralkali process, mining operations, radiator manufacturing, smelting, alloy industries, batteries industries, etc. [1–4]. These heavy metal ions include Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cr6+ which tend to accumulate in the human body and cause, directly or indirectly, malignant tumors, neurological, gastrointestinal and respiratory problems, hemolytic anemia, liver and kidney failure [5, 6]. Therefore, removal of heavy metal ions has been one of the most important areas of environmental research. The researchers have paid much attention to develop a method for the removal of heavy metal ions. These methods include chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation or reduction, electrochemical treatment, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, filtration, evaporation recovery, electrocoagulation, adsorption, photocatalytic, microwave techniques, etc. [7–12]. Although, above-mentioned methods are effective for
the removal of heavy metal ions,
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