1,3-Dichloropropene and chloropicrin emission reduction using a flexible CuInS 2 /ZnS:Al-TiO 2 photocatalytic film
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
1,3-Dichloropropene and chloropicrin emission reduction using a flexible CuInS2/ZnS:Al-TiO2 photocatalytic film Lili Yan 1
&
Xin Guo 1 & Pinhua Rao 1 & Lu Huang 2 & Mingxing Sun 3 & Liang Li 4 & Guoqing Shen 2
Received: 17 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Soil fumigation using 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) is an important strategy for agriculture production; however, excessive emissions can cause air pollution and possible human exposure. In this study, solar light-driven CuInS2/ ZnS:Al-TiO2 photocatalytic film was prepared through spin-coating on the flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate of 0.1 mm. Using the photocatalytic film, degradation of 1,3-D was inhibited in the Pci-clor 60 formulation of 1,3-D and CP. However, the degradation of CP was accelerated in this formulation, and the half-life was shortened from 0.66 to 0.40 h. Emissions of 1,3-D from soil to the air were reduced by 97.30%, 97.17%, 47.10%, and 7.88%, for treatments of D + Film, D + C + Film, D + PET, and D, respectively. The efficiencies for reducing 1,3-D emission were significantly improved by about 1.1 and 11.3 times using the film, compared with using the PET alone and no film, respectively. Furthermore, fumigation effects on nematodes could still achieve higher than 90%. The findings provided a basis for the practical application of quantum dot films to reduce soil fumigants emissions by photocatalytic degradation. Keywords Fumigants . Degradation . Emission reduction . QDs photocatalytic film . Soil
Introduction Soil disinfection using chemical fumigants is an important measure for reducing the recurrence of soil-borne diseases, insect pests, and other pathogens during agricultural production. Methyl bromide was once the most widely used soil fumigant, but its use was phased out in developing countries in 2015 because it is an ozone-depleting substance (Mcavoy and Freeman 2013; Yates et al. 2002). Thus, 1,3Responsible editor: Sami Rtimi * Lili Yan [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
2
School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
3
Technical Center for Industrial Product and Raw Material Testing of Shanghai Customs, 1208 Minsheng Road, Shanghai 200135, China
4
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) have been increasingly used as soil fumigants. They can be applied to the soil via either shank injection into the soil or drip irrigation, and then, they can rapidly permeate into the air-filled soil porosity by volatilization (Brown et al. 2019). However, these are still strictly regulated because of their high volatilization properties and easy emissions from soil to the air, which could lead t
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