2015 Oman Heart Association Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension
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GUIDELINES
2015 Oman Heart Association Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension Practical recommendations from the Oman Heart Association (OHA) Mohammed H. El-Deeb • Kadhim J. Sulaiman • Abdullah A. Al-Riyami • Nabil Mohsin • Mohamed Al-Mukhaini Mohamed Al-Lamki • Noor Al-Busaidi • Issa Al-Salmi • Jawad Al-Lawati • Najib Al-Rawahi • Mohamed B. Al-Riyami • Said Abdul-Rahman • Said Al-Hinai • Batool Jaffer • Ahmed Al-Wahaebi • Hanan Al-Khalili • Matllooba Al-Zadjali
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Received: 24 August 2014 / Accepted: 1 November 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014
Abstract Hypertension (HTN) is a major independent risk factor for the development of stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral arterial disease (PAD), heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). HTN is a growing public health problem in Oman, almost certainly the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The risk of CVD in patients with HTN can be greatly reduced with lifestyle modifications and effective antihypertensive therapy. Randomized trials have shown that blood pressure (BP) lowering produces rapid reductions in CV risk. Several studies have shown that the majority of the hypertensive patients remain uncontrolled. It is well established that the observed poor control of the disease is not only related to poor adherence to medications, but also to limited awareness and adherence to evidence-based management of hypertension among physicians. Several guidelines for the management of patients with hypertension have been published. Developed in Collaboration with Committee for Improving Cardiology Services and Directorate of Non-communicable Diseases Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman. M. H. El-Deeb K. J. Sulaiman A. A. Al-Riyami M. Al-Mukhaini M. Al-Lamki N. Al-Busaidi I. Al-Salmi J. Al-Lawati N. Al-Rawahi M. B. Al-Riyami S. Abdul-Rahman B. Jaffer A. Al-Wahaebi H. Al-Khalili M. Al-Zadjali Ministry of Health, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman M. H. El-Deeb (&) Department of Cardiology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] N. Mohsin Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman S. Al-Hinai Diwan Medical Services, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
However, the aim of this document is to provide the busy physicians in Oman with more concise and direct approach towards implementing these guidelines into clinical practice. Keywords Diagnosis of hypertension Drug treatment Secondary hypertension
1 Introduction Systemic arterial hypertension refers to persistent elevation of systemic blood pressure (BP). It is currently defined as a resting systolic BP (SBP) C140 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) C90 mmHg, or receiving therapy for the indication of lowering BP. There is a close relationship between BP levels and the risk of coronary events, HF, cerebrovascular events (such as stroke) and end-stage renal disease. Hypertension also increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia a
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