24-Epibrassinolide alleviates the toxic effects of NaCl on photosynthetic processes in potato plants
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
24‑Epibrassinolide alleviates the toxic effects of NaCl on photosynthetic processes in potato plants Liliya V. Kolomeichuk1 · Marina V. Efimova1 · Ilya E. Zlobin2 · Vladimir D. Kreslavski2,3 · Ol’ga K. Murgan1 · Irina S. Kovtun1 · Vladimir A. Khripach4 · Vladimir V. Kuznetsov1,2 · Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev2,3,5,6,7,8 Received: 15 November 2019 / Accepted: 6 January 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Brassinosteroids are promising agents for alleviating the negative effects of salinity on plants, but the mechanism of their protective action is far from being understood. We investigated the effect of pretreatment with 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) on the photosynthetic and physiological parameters of potato plants under progressive salinity stress caused by root application of 100 mM NaCl. Salinity clearly inhibited primary photosynthetic processes in potato plants by reducing the contents of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic electron transport and photosystem II (PSII) maximal and effective quantum yields. These negative effects of salinity on primary photosynthetic processes were mainly due to toxic ionic effects on the plant’s ability to oxidize the plastoquinone pool. Pretreatment with 24-EBL alleviated this stress effect and allowed the maintenance of plastoquinone pool oxidation and the efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry to be at the same levels as those in unstressed plants; however, the pretreatment did not affect the photosynthetic pigment content. 24-EBL pretreatment clearly alleviated the decrease in leaf osmotic potential under salinity stress. The stress-induced increases in lipid peroxidation and proline contents were not changed under brassinosteroid pretreatment. However, 24-EBL pretreatment increased the peroxidase activity and improved the K +/Na+ ratio in potato leaves, which were likely responsible for the protective 24-EBL action under salt stress. Keywords Solanum tuberosum L. · Salinity stress · Photosystem II · Osmotic potential · Mineral element contents
Introduction Soil salinization is one of the main adverse abiotic factors that reduce yields, especially in irrigated agricultural systems (Munns and Tester 2008; Munns and Gilliham 2015; Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-020-00708-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Zorb et al. 2019; Tavakkoli et al. 2010; Tavakkoli et al. 2011). Salinity exerts multiple adverse effects on plants, which can be broadly grouped into osmotic and ionic effects. Osmotic effects result from the impaired plant water status due to the plant’s decreased ability to absorb water from a medium with low water potential, and ionic effects are due to the specific toxic effects of Na+ and Cl– ions. In addition, an important negative effect of salinity is the disturbance of the absorption and transport of various nutrients, which leads to
* Ilya E. Zlobin [email protected]
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Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry
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