3D Head Anthropometry for Head-Related Transfer Function of Chinese Pilots
The 3D head anthropometry of 69 Chinese male pilots was tested in order to build China Air Force head-related transfer function (HRTF) database, i.e. CHNAF HRTF Database in abbreviation. There were totally 93 anthropometric landmarks defined according to
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Abstract The 3D head anthropometry of 69 Chinese male pilots was tested in order to build China Air Force head-related transfer function (HRTF) database, i.e. CHNAF HRTF Database in abbreviation. There were totally 93 anthropometric landmarks defined according to principles of physical acoustic reflection and refraction. All the landmarks were measured in sitting with (x, y, z) coordinate system to get 2D dimensions in GB/T 5703/ISO 7250-1 and GJB 4856 and 3D descriptions of the head with polar coordinate transformation in (r, φ, θ ). The test results of the 3D descriptors showed the 3D positions of anatomical mediators between the outer acoustic signal and pilots’ auditory spatial localization, in which there were 50 landmarks about ears or auricle, 33 landmarks about skull, eyes, face and noses and 10 about neck and shoulders. Therefore, the CHNAF HRTF Database could provide about 150 items of anthropometric measurements for HRTF and its personalization especially with focus on the role of ears. Keywords Head · Ear · Auricle · Pinna · Anthropometry · Landmark · Head-related transfer function (HRTF) · Pilots · 3D audio · Ergonomics · Human factors · CHNAF HRTF database · Anatomy
1 Introduction The head-related transfer function (HRTF) is the kernel of 3D audio displays in virtual reality. The HRTFs depended mainly on the anthropometric parameters with sound reflecting, refracting, dispersing or shadowing in the unique style of the listener [1], and the HRTF personalization could be done by HRTF database matching [2] on the hypothesis of the same anthropometric parameters producing the same HRTF given by Zotkin et al. [3] with works of Katz [4, 5]. It is a key to measure head parameters of anthropometry sufficient for HRTF with limited cost. For examples, there were 27 items of anthropometric parameters for 45 subjects in CIPIC HRTF Database X. Guo · Y. Bai · Q. Liu (B) · D. Xiong · Y. Wang · J. Du Air Force Medical Center of FMMU, 100142 Beijing, China e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 S. Long and B. S. Dhillon (eds.), Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 645, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6978-4_21
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[6]. In China, only four anthropometric parameters were measured by Professor Xie et al. with 52 university subjects [7] while there were 67 anthropometric parameters reported with CHNAF HRTF Database [8, 9]. Human body measurements were defined by landmarks in anthropometry [10]. The adequate head parameters could be attained when the landmarks were correctly identified and measured in 3D coordinates as presented in this paper.
2 Method 2.1 Landmarks of 3D Head Anthropometry for CHNAF HRTF Database There were totally 93 anthropometric landmarks or mark points defined in accordance with GJB 4856 [11, 12] or derived from CIPIC HRTF Database [6] and anatomical book [13] as showed in Fig. 1 and Table 1 in view of principles of physi
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