A Bayesian network approach for the identification of relationships between drivers of chlordecone bioaccumulation in pl
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN HEALTH ISSUES RELATED TO LONG TERM CONTAMINATION BY CHLORDECONE IN THE FRENCH WEST INDIES
A Bayesian network approach for the identification of relationships between drivers of chlordecone bioaccumulation in plants Yohan Liber 1,2 & Denis Cornet 3,4 & Régis Tournebize 5 & Cyril Feidt 6 & Maurice Mahieu 7 & François Laurent 2 & Jean-Philippe Bedell 1 Received: 26 February 2019 / Accepted: 18 December 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Plants were sampled from four different types of chlordecone-contaminated land in Guadeloupe (West Indies). The objective was to investigate the importance of biological and agri-environmental parameters in the ability of plants to bioaccumulate chlordecone. Among the plant traits studied, only the growth habit significantly affected chlordecone transfer, since prostrate plants concentrated more chlordecone than erect plants. In addition, intensification of land use has led to a significant increase in the amount of chlordecone absorbed by plants. The use of Bayesian networks uncovers some hypothesis and identifies paths for reflection and possible studies to identify and quantify relationships that explain our data. Keywords Bayesian network modeling . Bioaccumulation . Chlordecone . Land management . Pesticide
Introduction The French West Indies are facing an environmental catastrophe due to soil and water contamination by chlordecone (CLD). This organochlorine pesticide was used to control the banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus) in Guadeloupe and Martinique from 1972 to 1993. Cabidoche et al. (2009) reported that chlordecone pollution is expected to last several decades in nitisols and several centuries in ferralsols and
andosols. In Guadeloupe, 15% of the island’s agricultural land is contaminated, at least 2100 ha of agricultural soil with between 0.25 and 1 mg kg−1 of dry soil, and 3100 ha > 1 mg kg−1 (Cabidoche et al. 2006). Such diffuse contamination cannot be treated by ex situ depollution methods, although progress has been made recently (Chaussonnerie et al. 2016; Mouvet et al. 2016). To clean up the soil, or to avoid contamination of neighboring agricultural plants, realistic solutions are needed at plot scale. Phytoremediation is a
Research Highlights 1. Land use intensification enhances chlordecone accumulation in plants 2. Concentration in plants is more related to soil organic matter than clay content 3. Prostrate plants concentrate more chlordecone than erect plants Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07449-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jean-Philippe Bedell [email protected] 1
LEHNA, UMR 5023, CNRS, ENTPE, University of Lyon, F-69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
2
INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, F-31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
3
CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
4
University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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