A Biotechnological Strategy for Molybdenum Extraction Using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans
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A Biotechnological Strategy for Molybdenum Extraction Using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Rouha Kasra-Kermanshahi 1 & Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini 2 & Marziyeh Bahrami-Bavani 1 Received: 1 May 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Biosorption is a potential tool for the extraction of metals from contaminated water and recovery of precious metals, which is a convenient alternative to conventional processes. In the present study, molybdenum recovery by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain ZT-94 was evaluated. Additionally, the effects of pH initial concentration of molybdenum, contact time, adsorbent concentration, and temperature on the biosorption were investigated. As revealed by the results, the greatest amount of molybdenum sorption was achieved at pH 5. By increasing the concentration of molybdenum from 2 to 45 mg/l, the molybdenum removal increases from 71.13 to 150 mg/g dry weight of biomass, but biosorption efficiency decreased. Also, increasing the dry weight of biomass from 0.008 to 0.06 g/l degreased the biosorption efficiency from 20.68 to 85.69%. The results of molybdenum biosorption were evaluated by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The maximum biosorption capacity for molybdenum extraction was 150.497 mg/g and amount which is very suitable for a biosorbent. The biosorption was examined by scanning electron microscopy-energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Because of the elevated biosorption properties of molybdenum by this biosorbent, it can be concluded that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain ZT-94 is a promising candidate for the removal and recovery of molybdenum from aqueous systems. Keywords Bacteria . Biosorbent . Biosorption . Molybdenum . Metal recovery
Introduction Currently, increasing industrial activity and accumulation of contaminants such as heavy metals, artificial compounds have caused environmental pollution and the destruction of some * Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini [email protected]; [email protected]
1
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
2
Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
ecosystems [1–3]. The presence of heavy metals in the environment always has been of great importance and is a serious threat to human life and other life forms, and especially in aquatic systems [4, 5]. Molybdenum is an essential element for plants and animals, but elevated concentrations of molybdenum may be toxic. Molybdenum is also used in a variety of industrial applications, such as alloying agent in steels and cast iron; pigments for printing inks, paints, and ceramics; solid lubricants; missile and aircraft paints; and special batteries. Therefore, the recovery of this ion from wastewater and mine leach liquors is of great environmental and industrial significance [6–8]. At the present time, the need for economical and effective meth
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