A Brief History of Clinical Cross-Species Organ Xenotransplantation

Cross-species transplantation (xenotransplantation) offers the prospect of an unlimited supply of organs and cells for clinical transplantation, thus resolving the critical shortage of human tissues that currently prohibits a majority of patients on the w

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Clinical Xenotransplantation

David K. C. Cooper  •  Guerard Byrne Editors

Clinical Xenotransplantation Pathways and Progress in the Transplantation of Organs and Tissues Between Species

Editors David K. C. Cooper Xenotransplantation Program University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL USA

Guerard Byrne Department of Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL USA

ISBN 978-3-030-49126-0    ISBN 978-3-030-49127-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49127-7 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Foreword

Organ transplantation was one of the great surgical advances of the second half of the twentieth century and has become one of the greatest success stories in medical history. The University of Alabama at Birmingham was early into this field when Dr. Arnold Diethelm initiated our kidney transplant program in 1968. Subsequent programs of heart, liver, pancreas, and lung transplantation followed. We have now carried out almost 15,000 organ transplants at UAB. Advances in immunosuppressive therapy have contributed to continuing improvement in the results of organ transplantation, but the field remains limited by the inadequate number of organs from deceased donors that become available each year. Xenotransplantation, using organs from genetically engineered pigs, offers a solution to the problem of donor organ availability. In collaboration with our colleagues at United Therapeutics and its subsidiary, Revivicor, UAB is playing an active role in moving the field forward. In addition to the experimental work continuing in our laboratories, we have established a “clean” pig facility that we anticipate meets US